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Hepacivirus (taxid:11102)

Hepacivirus is a genus of ssRNA+ viruses in the Flaviviridae family that infect the livers of mammals. In humans, HCV can cause hepatitis and, in rare cases, hepatocellular carcinoma.

VIRION

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Enveloped, spherical, about 50 nm in diameter. Mature virions contain two virus-encoded membrane proteins (E1 and E2) in addition to the capsid protein.

GENOME

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Monopartite, linear, of about 10 kb. The genome 3' terminus is not polyadenylated but forms a loop structure. There is an at the 5' end that mediates translation initiation.

GENE EXPRESSION

The virion RNA is infectious and serves as both the genome and the viral messenger RNA. The whole genome is translated in a polyprotein, which is processed co- and post-translationally by host and viral proteases.

ENZYMES

REPLICATION

  1. of the viral envelope protein E to mediates internalization into the host cell by .
  2. . RNA genome is released into the cytoplasm.
  3. The positive-sense genomic ssRNA is translated into a polyprotein, which is cleaved into all structural and non structural proteins (to yield the replication proteins).
  4. Replication takes place at the surface of endoplasmic reticulum in . A dsRNA genome is synthesized from the genomic ssRNA(+). Host miRNA plays a essential role in initiating replication.
  5. The dsRNA genome is thereby providing viral mRNAs/new ssRNA(+) genomes.
  6. Virus occurs at the endoplasmic reticulum and seems to be facilitated by the p7. The virion buds at the endoplasmic reticulum and is transported to the Golgi apparatus.
  7. Release of new virions by .
DB LINKS image image

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TAXONOMY Group IV; ssRNA positive-strand viruses
Realm: Riboviria
Kingdom: Orthornavirae
Phylum:
Class: Flasuviricetes
Order:Amarillovirales
Family:
Genus: Hepacivirus
VIRUS
Hepacivirus C
 Hepacivirus A
 Hepacivirus B
 Hepacivirus D
 Hepacivirus E
 Hepacivirus F
 Hepacivirus G
 Hepacivirus H
 Hepacivirus I
 Hepacivirus J
 Hepacivirus K
 Hepacivirus L
 Hepacivirus M
 Hepacivirus N
REFERENCE STRAIN Hepatitis C virus
Sequence | Genome assembly | Proteome

Host

NATURAL HOSTS Human.
TROPISM Hepatocytes.
INTERACTIONS Cell receptors:
HCV: Heparan sulfate, , , .
Host-virus interaction

Ecology and disease

GEOGRAPHY Worlwide.
ASSOCIATED DISEASES .
TRANSMISSION Sexual contact, blood.
VACCINE None
ANTIVIRAL DRUGS (Guanosine analog)
(Cytokine)
(Cytokine)
(Cytokine)
(Experimental, cyclophilin inhibitor)
(NS3/4A protease inhibitor)
(NS3/4A protease inhibitor)
(NS3/4A protease inhibitor)
(NS3/4A protease inhibitor)
(NS5A inhibitor)
(NS5A inhibitor)
(NS5A inhibitor)
(NS5A inhibitor)
(NS5A inhibitor)
(NS5A inhibitor)
(Experimental, NS5B inhibitor)
(NS5B inhibitor)

Host-virus interaction

Apoptosis modulation

Flaviviruses NS3 induces through

Autophagy modulation

Flaviviruses NS4A and NS4B signaling .

Cell-cycle modulation

Hepatitis C virus induces down-regulation of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor and .

Innate immune response inhibition

Hepatitis C virus inhibits by blocking , and .
Hepatitis C virus by blocking host , and .

Host gene expression shutoff by virus

Hepatitis C virus activates PKR about 12h p.i. to through the PKR-mediated phosphorylation of the eIF2alpha initiation factor .

GENERAL Back to hepacivirus page

Host

NATURAL HOSTS Human.
TROPISM Hepatocytes.
INTERACTIONS Cell receptors:
HCV: Heparan sulfate, , , .
ASSOCIATED DISEASES .
TRANSMISSION Sexual contact, blood.

Matching UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries

(all links/actions below point to uniprot.org website)

35 entries grouped by strain

Hepatitis C virus genotype 1a (isolate H77) (HCV) reference strain

2 entries

Select_allDeselect_all
F_HCV77 F protein (Alternate reading frame protein/F-protein) (ARFP/F) (Frameshifted protein) (p16) (p17)
POLG_HCV77 Genome polyprotein [Cleaved into: Core protein precursor (Capsid protein C) (p23); Mature core ...

pdb 1A1R; 1A1V; 1CWX; 1HEI; 1JR6; 1N1L; 1ONB; 1R7C; 1R7D; 1R7E; 1R7F; 1R7G; 1RGQ; 2A4R; 2F9V; 2HD0; 2JXF; 2KDR; 2N1P; 2O8M; 2OBO; 2OBQ; 2OC0; 2OC1; 2OC7; 2OC8; 2OIN; 2P59; 2QV1; 2XI2; 2XI3; 2XNI; 3RC4; 3RC5; 4CL1; 4JZN; 4JZO; 4MWF; 4N0Y; 4Q0X; 4XVJ; 4Z0X; 5EOC; 5ERW; 5FGB; 5FGC; 5JZI; 5YXN; 5YXU; 6BQJ; 6BQK; 6BZU; 6BZV; 6BZW; 6BZY; 6UYD; 6WO5; 6WOQ; 7DUU

Hepatitis C virus genotype 1a (isolate 1) (HCV)

2 entries

Select_allDeselect_all
POLG_HCV1 Genome polyprotein [Cleaved into: Core protein precursor (Capsid protein C) (p23); Mature core ...

pdb 1RTL; 2A4G; 2GVF; 3EYD; 3HKW; 3KN2; 3QGH; 3QGI; 3RC4; 3RC5; 3SU4; 6MVO; 6N4N; 6VDO; 7MM3; 7MM4; 7MM9; 7MMA; 7MMB; 7MMC; 7MMD; 7MME; 7MMK; 7MML

F_HCV1 F protein (Alternate reading frame protein/F-protein) (ARFP/F) (Frameshifted protein) (p16) (p17)

Hepatitis C virus genotype 1b (isolate BK) (HCV)

1 entry

POLG_HCVBK Genome polyprotein [Cleaved into: Core protein precursor (Capsid protein C) (p23); Mature core ...

pdb 1A1Q; 1BT7; 1C2P; 1CSJ; 1CU1; 1GX5; 1GX6; 1JXP; 1NHU; 1NHV; 1NS3; 1OS5; 1QUV; 2AWZ; 2AX0; 2AX1; 2BRK; 2BRL; 2DXS; 2GIQ; 2GIR; 2HAI; 2HWH; 2HWI; 2I1R; 2JC0; 2JC1; 2O5D; 2WCX; 2WHO; 2WRM; 2XWY; 2ZKU; 3BR9; 3BSA; 3BSC; 3CDE; 3CIZ; 3CJ0; 3CJ2; 3CJ3; 3CJ4; 3CJ5; 3CO9; 3CVK; 3CWJ; 3D28; 3D5M; 3E51; 3FQK; 3FRZ; 3G86; 3GYN; 3H2L; 3H59; 3H5S; 3H5U; 3H98; 3IGV; 3MF5; 3RVB; 3UA7; 3UDL; 3VQS; 4A92; 4B6E; 4B6F; 4B71; 4B73; 4B74; 4B75; 4B76; 4DGV; 4DGY; 4EO6; 4EO8; 4IH5; 4IH6; 4IH7; 4K8B; 4KAI; 4KB7; 4KBI; 4KE5; 4MIA; 4MIB; 4MK7; 4MK8; 4MK9; 4MKA; 4MKB; 4TN2; 4WXP; 5FPS; 5FPT; 5FPY; 5KZP; 5W2E; 6MVP; 6W4G; 8OHM

Hepatitis C virus genotype 1b (isolate Con1) (HCV)

1 entry

POLG_HCVCO Genome polyprotein [Cleaved into: Core protein precursor (Capsid protein C) (p23); Mature core ...

pdb 1ZH1; 2JY0; 2KWT; 2KWZ; 3FQL; 3FQM; 3FQQ; 3KN2; 3KQH; 3KQK; 3KQL; 3KQN; 3KQU; 3Q0Z; 3QGD; 3QGE; 3QGF; 3QGG; 4NLD; 4U01; 5E4F; 5PZK; 5PZL; 5PZM; 5PZN; 5PZO; 5PZP; 5TRH; 5TRI; 5TRJ; 5TRK; 5TWN

Hepatitis C virus genotype 1b (isolate HC-J1) (HCV)

1 entry

POLG_HCVJ1 Genome polyprotein [Cleaved into: Core protein precursor (Capsid protein C) (p23); Mature core ...

pdb 2KNU; 3MRG; 3MRH; 3MRI; 3MRJ; 3MRL

Hepatitis C virus genotype 1b (isolate HC-JT) (HCV)

1 entry

POLG_HCVJT Genome polyprotein [Cleaved into: Core protein precursor (Capsid protein C) (p23); Mature core ...

Hepatitis C virus genotype 1b (isolate HCR6) (HCV)

1 entry

POLG_HCVR6 Genome polyprotein [Cleaved into: Core protein precursor (Capsid protein C) (p23); Mature core ...

Hepatitis C virus genotype 1b (isolate Japanese) (HCV)

1 entry

POLG_HCVJA Genome polyprotein [Cleaved into: Core protein precursor (Capsid protein C) (p23); Mature core ...

pdb 1DXP; 1DY8; 1DY9; 1W3C; 2K8J; 3OYP; 3P8N; 3P8O; 4A1T; 4A1V; 4A1X; 4I31; 4I32; 4I33; 4JMY; 4KTC

Hepatitis C virus genotype 1b (isolate Taiwan) (HCV)

1 entry

POLG_HCVTW Genome polyprotein [Cleaved into: Core protein precursor (Capsid protein C) (p23); Mature core ...

pdb 1N64; 2ZJO

Hepatitis C virus genotype 1b (strain HC-J4) (HCV)

1 entry

POLG_HCVJ4 Genome polyprotein [Cleaved into: Core protein precursor (Capsid protein C) (p23); Mature core ...

pdb 1NB4; 1NB6; 1NB7; 2F55; 2MTS; 2XHU; 2XHV; 2XHW; 2YOJ; 3CSO; 3GNV; 3GNW; 3GOL; 3HKY; 3LKH; 3MWV; 3MWW; 3SKA; 3SKE; 3SKH; 3TYQ; 3TYV; 3U4O; 3U4R; 3UPH; 3UPI; 4DRU; 4EAW; 4GMC; 4IZ0; 4J02; 4J04; 4J06; 4J08; 4J0A; 4JJS; 4JJU; 4JTW; 4JTY; 4JTZ; 4JU1; 4JU2; 4JU3; 4JU4; 4JU6; 4JU7; 4JVQ; 4JY0; 4JY1; 4MZ4; 4OOW; 4RY4; 4RY5; 4RY6; 4RY7; 5CZB; 5NPH; 5NPI

Hepatitis C virus genotype 1c (isolate HC-G9) (HCV)

1 entry

POLG_HCVH9 Genome polyprotein [Cleaved into: Core protein precursor (Capsid protein C) (p23); Mature core ...

Hepatitis C virus genotype 1c (isolate India) (HCV)

1 entry

POLG_HCVIN Genome polyprotein [Cleaved into: Core protein precursor (Capsid protein C) (p23); Mature core ...

Hepatitis C virus genotype 2a (isolate HC-J6) (HCV)

1 entry

POLG_HCVJ6 Genome polyprotein [Cleaved into: Core protein precursor (Capsid protein C) (p23); Mature core ...

pdb 1YUY; 1YV2; 1YVX; 1YVZ; 2XWH; 4ADP

Hepatitis C virus genotype 2a (isolate JFH-1) (HCV)

1 entry

POLG_HCVJF Genome polyprotein [Cleaved into: Core protein precursor (Capsid protein C) (p23); Mature core ...

pdb 2KZQ; 2LIF; 2LVG; 2XXD; 2XYM; 3I5K; 4AEP; 4AEX; 4E76; 4E78; 4E7A; 4J1V; 4OBC; 4WT9; 4WTA; 4WTC; 4WTD; 4WTE; 4WTF; 4WTG; 4WTI; 4WTJ; 4WTK; 4WTL; 4WTM; 5NPJ; 5QJ0; 5QJ1; 5TWM; 5UJ2; 6HT4

Hepatitis C virus genotype 2b (isolate HC-J8) (HCV)

1 entry

POLG_HCVJ8 Genome polyprotein [Cleaved into: Core protein precursor (Capsid protein C) (p23); Mature core ...

pdb 1XCQ; 1XCT; 1XF5; 3GSZ; 3HVO

Hepatitis C virus genotype 2b (isolate JPUT971017) (HCV)

1 entry

POLG_HCVJP Genome polyprotein [Cleaved into: Core protein precursor (Capsid protein C) (p23); Mature core ...

Hepatitis C virus genotype 2c (isolate BEBE1) (HCV)

1 entry

POLG_HCVBB Genome polyprotein [Cleaved into: Core protein precursor (Capsid protein C) (p23); Mature core ...

Hepatitis C virus genotype 2k (isolate VAT96) (HCV)

1 entry

POLG_HCVVA Genome polyprotein [Cleaved into: Core protein precursor (Capsid protein C) (p23); Mature core ...

Hepatitis C virus genotype 3a (isolate NZL1) (HCV)

1 entry

POLG_HCVNZ Genome polyprotein [Cleaved into: Core protein precursor (Capsid protein C) (p23); Mature core ...

pdb 6P6S

Hepatitis C virus genotype 3a (isolate k3a) (HCV)

1 entry

POLG_HCVK3 Genome polyprotein [Cleaved into: Core protein precursor (Capsid protein C) (p23); Mature core ...

Hepatitis C virus genotype 3b (isolate Tr-Kj) (HCV)

1 entry

POLG_HCVTR Genome polyprotein [Cleaved into: Core protein precursor (Capsid protein C) (p23); Mature core ...

Hepatitis C virus genotype 3k (isolate JK049) (HCV)

1 entry

POLG_HCVJK Genome polyprotein [Cleaved into: Core protein precursor (Capsid protein C) (p23); Mature core ...

Hepatitis C virus genotype 4a (isolate ED43) (HCV)

1 entry

POLG_HCVED Genome polyprotein [Cleaved into: Core protein precursor (Capsid protein C) (p23); Mature core ...

pdb 6P6Z

Hepatitis C virus genotype 5a (isolate EUH1480) (HCV)

1 entry

POLG_HCVEV Genome polyprotein [Cleaved into: Core protein precursor (Capsid protein C) (p23); Mature core ...

pdb 2M6X

Hepatitis C virus genotype 5a (isolate SA13) (HCV)

1 entry

POLG_HCVSA Genome polyprotein [Cleaved into: Core protein precursor (Capsid protein C) (p23); Mature core ...

Hepatitis C virus genotype 6a (isolate 6a33) (HCV)

1 entry

POLG_HCV6A Genome polyprotein [Cleaved into: Core protein precursor (Capsid protein C) (p23); Mature core ...

Hepatitis C virus genotype 6a (isolate EUHK2) (HCV)

1 entry

POLG_HCVEU Genome polyprotein [Cleaved into: Core protein precursor (Capsid protein C) (p23); Mature core ...

Hepatitis C virus genotype 6b (isolate Th580) (HCV)

1 entry

POLG_HCVT5 Genome polyprotein [Cleaved into: Core protein precursor (Capsid protein C) (p23); Mature core ...

Hepatitis C virus genotype 6d (isolate VN235) (HCV)

1 entry

POLG_HCVVN Genome polyprotein [Cleaved into: Core protein precursor (Capsid protein C) (p23); Mature core ...

Hepatitis C virus genotype 6g (isolate JK046) (HCV)

1 entry

POLG_HCVJL Genome polyprotein [Cleaved into: Core protein precursor (Capsid protein C) (p23); Mature core ...

Hepatitis C virus genotype 6h (isolate VN004) (HCV)

1 entry

POLG_HCVVP Genome polyprotein [Cleaved into: Core protein precursor (Capsid protein C) (p23); Mature core ...

Hepatitis C virus genotype 6k (isolate VN405) (HCV)

1 entry

POLG_HCVVO Genome polyprotein [Cleaved into: Core protein precursor (Capsid protein C) (p23); Mature core ...

Hepatitis GB virus B (GBV-B) (GB virus B)

1 entry

POLG_GBVB Genome polyprotein [Cleaved into: Core protein; Envelope glycoprotein E1; Envelope glycoprotein E2 ...

pdb 2LZP; 2LZQ; 2MKB