Species code:	YERPE
Taxonomy:	Bacteria; Proteobacteria; Gammaproteobacteria; Enterobacteriales; Enterobacteriaceae; Yersinia (TaxID: 632) [NEWT/ NCBI]
Description:	Gram-negative straight rods, sometimes approaching a spherical shape. Y.pestis is always nonmotile. It is the causative agent of plague which is primarily a disease of wild rodents. Y.pestis is transmitted among wild rodents by fleas, in which the bacteria multiply and block the esophagus and the pharynx. The fleas regurgitate the bacteria when they take their next blood meal. Bacteria are transmitted subcutaneously to humans by the bite of infected fleas, but also by air, especially during pandemics of disease. Infective flea bites produce the typical bubonic form of plague in humans. Y.pestis is very closely related to the gastrointestinal pathogen Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, and it has been proposed that Y.pestis evolved from Y.pseudotuberculosis 1,500-20,000 years ago. Strain 91001 is avirulent in humans.
Properties:	Presence of flagella: No Interaction: Animal pathogen in Mammalia Number of membranes: 2 Number of inteins:0
Statistics:	Number of YERPE entries in the UniProt Knowledgebase: 3908 (986 in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot + 2922 in UniProtKB/TrEMBL)

Genome structure:	• Chromosome EMBL accession number AL590842 (circular; 4,653,728 bp) (download entry) (download Genome Reviews). • Plasmid pCD1 EMBL accession number AL117189 (circular; 70,305 bp) (download entry) (download Genome Reviews). • Plasmid pMT1 (pMT-1) EMBL accession number AL117211 (circular; 96,210 bp) (download entry) (download Genome Reviews). • Plasmid pPCP1 EMBL accession number AL109969 (circular; 9,612 bp) (download entry) (download Genome Reviews).
Reference(s):	[1] MEDLINE=21470413; PubMed=11586360; [ NCBI , EBI , Israel , Japan ] Parkhill J., Wren B.W., Thomson N.R., Titball R.W., Holden M.T.G., Prentice M.B., Sebaihia M., James K.D., Churcher C.M., Mungall K.L., Baker S., Basham D., Bentley S.D., Brooks K., Cerdeno-Tarraga A.-M., Chillingworth T., Cronin A., Davies R.M., Davis P., Dougan G., Feltwell T., Hamlin N., Holroyd S., Jagels K., Karlyshev A.V., Leather S., Moule S., Oyston P.C.F., Quail M.A., Rutherford K.M., Simmonds M., Skelton J., Stevens K., Whitehead S., Barrell B.G. ; "Genome sequence of Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague."; Nature 413:523-527(2001).
Web links:	Official genome site(s): http://www.sanger.ac.uk/Projects/Y_pestis/ Other web sites: CBS: http://www.cbs.dtu.dk/services/GenomeAtlas/show-genus.php?kingdom=Bacteria&GLgenus=Yersinia&GLspecies=pestis&GLstrain=CO-92BiovarOrientalis Entrez Genome Project: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=genomeprj&cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=34 ERIC: http://www.ericbrc.org/portal/eric/yersiniapestisbiovarorientalis GIB (DDBJ): http://gib.genes.nig.ac.jp/single/index.php?spid=Ypes_CO92 Karyn's Genomes: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/2can/genomes/bacteria/Yersinia_pestis.html PEDANT: http://pedant.gsf.de:3345/pedant3htmlview/pedant3view?Method=start_method&Db=p3_p34_Yer_pesti TIGR CMR: http://cmr.tigr.org/tigr-scripts/CMR/GenomePage.cgi?database=ntyp01  EBI Proteome Analysis page

Genome structure:	Chromosome EMBL accession number AE009952 (circular; 4,600,755 bp) (download entry) (download Genome Reviews).
Reference(s):	[1] MEDLINE=22137863; PubMed=12142430; [ NCBI , EBI , Israel , Japan ] Deng W., Burland V., Plunkett G. III, Boutin A., Mayhew G.F., Liss P., Perna N.T., Rose D.J., Mau B., Zhou S., Schwartz D.C., Fetherston J.D., Lindler L.E., Brubaker R.R., Plano G.V., Straley S.C., McDonough K.A., Nilles M.L., Matson J.S., Blattner F.R., Perry R.D. ; "Genome sequence of Yersinia pestis KIM."; J. Bacteriol. 184:4601-4611(2002).
Web links:	Official genome site(s): http://www.genome.wisc.edu/sequencing/pestis.htm Other web sites: CBS: http://www.cbs.dtu.dk/services/GenomeAtlas/show-genus.php?kingdom=Bacteria&GLgenus=Yersinia&GLspecies=pestis&GLstrain=KIM Entrez Genome Project: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=genomeprj&cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=288 ERIC: http://www.ericbrc.org/portal/eric/yersiniapestisbiovarmediaevaliskim GIB (DDBJ): http://gib.genes.nig.ac.jp/single/index.php?spid=Ypes_KIM PEDANT: http://pedant.gsf.de:3345/pedant3htmlview/pedant3view?Method=start_method&Db=p3_p288_Yer_pesti TIGR CMR: http://cmr.tigr.org/tigr-scripts/CMR/GenomePage.cgi?database=ntyp02  EBI Proteome Analysis page

Genome structure:	• Chromosome EMBL accession number AE017042 (circular; 4,595,065 bp) (download entry) (download Genome Reviews). • Plasmid pCD1 EMBL accession number AE017043 (circular; 70,159 bp) (download entry) (download Genome Reviews). • Plasmid pCRY EMBL accession number AE017044 (circular; 21,742 bp) (download entry) (download Genome Reviews). • Plasmid pMT1 EMBL accession number AE017045 (circular; 106,642 bp) (download entry) (download Genome Reviews). • Plasmid pPCP1 EMBL accession number AE017046 (circular; 9,609 bp) (download entry) (download Genome Reviews).
Reference(s):	[1] PubMed=15368893; [ NCBI , EBI , Israel , Japan ] Song Y., Tong Z., Wang J., Wang L., Guo Z., Han Y., Zhang J., Pei D., Zhou D., Qin H., Pang X., Han Y., Zhai J., Li M., Cui B., Qi Z., Jin L., Dai R., Chen F., Li S., Ye C., Du Z., Lin W., Wang J., Yu J., Yang H., Wang J., Huang P., Yang R. ; "Complete genome sequence of Yersinia pestis strain 91001, an isolate avirulent to humans."; DNA Res. 11:179-197(2004).
Web links:	CBS: http://www.cbs.dtu.dk/services/GenomeAtlas/show-genus.php?kingdom=Bacteria&GLgenus=Yersinia&GLspecies=pestis&GLstrain=Mediaevails Entrez Genome Project: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=genomeprj&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=Overview&list_uids=10638 ERIC: http://www.ericbrc.org/portal/eric/yersiniapestisbiovarmediaevalis91001 GIB (DDBJ): http://gib.genes.nig.ac.jp/single/index.php?spid=Ypes_MEDIAEVAILS91001 PEDANT: http://pedant.gsf.de:3345/pedant3htmlview/pedant3view?Method=start_method&Db=p3_p10638_Yer_pesti TIGR CMR: http://cmr.tigr.org/tigr-scripts/CMR/GenomePage.cgi?database=ntyp04  EBI Proteome Analysis page

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