Species code:	PROMA
Taxonomy:	Bacteria; Cyanobacteria; Prochlorales; Prochlorococcaceae; Prochlorococcus (TaxID: 1219) [NEWT/ NCBI]
Description:	Prochlorococcus, a fairly recently discovered cyanobacterium (1988), is the smallest known free-living photosynthetic prokaryote. Despite its small size it contributes significantly to global nutrient cycling. It is unique among cyanobacteria in using divinyl chlorophyll a and b as the major light-harvesting pigments, and harvests light with chlorophyll-binding antenna proteins (Pcb proteins) instead of the phycobilisomes used by most cyanobacteria. It is found in low- to mid-latitude oceans and seas, thriving in nutrient-poor waters and at greater depths than its close relative Synechococcus (down to 135m for Prochlorococcus, but only 95m for Synechococcus). Prochlorococcus can be differentiated into low-light (LL) and high-light (HL)-adapted ecotypes that have different physiologies and exist at different depths. Comparison of 12 whole genomes suggests the core genome contains about 1250 genes, while the pan-genome will have more than 5800 genes. This LL-adapted strain was isolated from the Sargasso Sea in May 1988 at a depth of 120m. It was the first strain to be described. It has the highest chlorophyll b/a ratio yet measure for Prochlorococcus (1.41) and belongs to high chlorophyll b/a clade II.
Properties:	Presence of flagella: No Interaction: No Number of membranes: 2 Number of inteins:0
Statistics:	Number of PROMA entries in the UniProt Knowledgebase: 1881 (368 in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot + 1513 in UniProtKB/TrEMBL)

Genome structure:	Chromosome EMBL accession number AE017126 (circular; 1,751,080 bp) (download entry) (download Genome Reviews).
Reference(s):	[1] MEDLINE=22810154; PubMed=12917486; [ NCBI , EBI , Israel , Japan ] Dufresne A., Salanoubat M., Partensky F., Artiguenave F., Axmann I.M., Barbe V., Duprat S., Galperin M.Y., Koonin E.V., Le Gall F., Makarova K.S., Ostrowski M., Oztas S., Robert C., Rogozin I.B., Scanlan D.J., Tandeau de Marsac N., Weissenbach J., Wincker P., Wolf Y.I., Hess W.R. ; "Genome sequence of the cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus marinus SS120, a nearly minimal oxyphototrophic genome."; Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100:10020-10025(2003).
Web links:	Official genome site(s): http://www.sb-roscoff.fr/Phyto/ProSS120/ http://www.genoscope.cns.fr/spip/Prochlorococcus-marinus-whole.html http://chisholmlab.mit.edu/genomes/ Other web sites: CBS: http://www.cbs.dtu.dk/services/GenomeAtlas/show-genus.php?kingdom=Bacteria&GLgenus=Prochlorococcus&GLspecies=marinus&GLstrain=SS120 CyanoBase: http://bacteria.kazusa.or.jp/cyanobase/SS120/index.html Entrez Genome Project: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=genomeprj&Cmd=DetailsSearch&Term=txid167539%5Borgn%5D GIB (DDBJ): http://gib.genes.nig.ac.jp/single/index.php?spid=Pmar_CCMP1375 Karyn's Genomes: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/2can/genomes/bacteria/Prochlorococcus_marinus.html PEDANT: http://pedant.gsf.de:3345/pedant3htmlview/pedant3view?Method=start_method&Db=p3_p419_Pro_marin TIGR CMR: http://cmr.tigr.org/tigr-scripts/CMR/GenomePage.cgi?database=ntpm03  EBI Proteome Analysis page

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