Species code:	NOSP7
Taxonomy:	Bacteria; Cyanobacteria; Nostocales; Nostocaceae; Nostoc (TaxID: 63737) [NEWT/ NCBI]
Description:	Nostoc punctiforme is a nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium, growing autotrophically with CO2 as the carbon source, utilizing an oxygen-producing photosynthetic mechanism for the generation of ATP and reductant. The order Nostocales grow as unbranched filaments and produce up to three kinds of differentiated cells. Heterocysts differentiate in response to the lack of nitrogen in the environment and are the sites of nitrogen fixation (3-10% of total cells). Nostoc species also produce relatively short, motile filaments called hormogonia and spore-like structures termed akinetes in response to nutrient limitation other than nitrogen. Nostoc species are widely distributed in illuminated portions of the biosphere, including fresh waters and tropical, temperate and polar terrestrial systems; they are rarely found in marine habitats. Growth is often as a colony of filaments within a gelatinous matrix. Many Nostoc species occur in symbiotic associations with fungi to form lichens and with representatives of each of the major phylogenetic groups of plants. They are major contributors to the sequestration of CO2 in organic compounds, especially in nutrient poor and extreme environments. N. punctiforme strain ATCC 29133 (also known as PCC 73102) has a complex life cycle with differentiation of heterocysts, hormogonia and akinetes. The strain was isolated from symbiotic association with the gymnosperm cycad Macrozamia sp. N.punctiforme grows rapidly under completely dark heterotrophic conditions, with sucrose, glucose or fructose as the carbon source. In addition to its symbiotic and heterotrophic competence, it is amenable to genetic manipulation. It contains an insertion element which pops out under certain growth conditions. When it pops out gene Npun_R0414, the nitrogenase molybdenum-iron protein alpha chain NifD, is put together in one piece (adapted from http://genome.jgi-psf.org/finished_microbes/nospu/nospu.home.html).
Properties:	Presence of flagella: No Interaction: Plant symbiont Number of membranes: 2 Number of inteins: 2 in 2 different sequences
Statistics:	Number of NOSP7 entries in the UniProt Knowledgebase: 6573 (291 in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot + 6282 in UniProtKB/TrEMBL)

Genome structure:	• Chromosome EMBL accession number CP001037 (circular; 8,234,322 bp) (download entry) (download Genome Reviews). • Plasmid pNPUN01 EMBL accession number CP001038 (circular; 354,564 bp) (download entry) (download Genome Reviews). • Plasmid pNPUN02 EMBL accession number CP001039 (circular; 254,918 bp) (download entry) (download Genome Reviews). • Plasmid pNPUN03 EMBL accession number CP001040 (circular; 123,028 bp) (download entry) (download Genome Reviews). • Plasmid pNPUN04 EMBL accession number CP001041 (circular; 65,940 bp) (download entry) (download Genome Reviews). • Plasmid pNPUN05 EMBL accession number CP001042 (circular; 26,419 bp) (download entry) (download Genome Reviews).
Reference(s):	[1] Copeland A., Lucas S., Lapidus A., Glavina del Rio T., Dalin E., Tice H., Pitluck S., Chain P., Malfatti S., Shin M., Vergez L., Schmutz J., Larimer F., Land M., Hauser L., Kyrpides N., Kim E., Meeks J.C., Elhai J., Campbell E.L., Thiel T., Longmire J., Potts M., Atlas R. ; "Complete sequence of chromosome of Nostoc punctiforme ATCC 29133."; Submitted (APR-2008) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases. [2] Copeland A., Lucas S., Lapidus A., Glavina del Rio T., Dalin E., Tice H., Pitluck S., Chain P., Malfatti S., Shin M., Vergez L., Schmutz J., Larimer F., Land M., Hauser L., Kyrpides N., Kim E., Meeks J.C., Elhai J., Campbell E.L., Thiel T., Longmire J., Potts M., Atlas R. ; "Complete sequence of plasmid 1 of Nostoc punctiforme ATCC 29133."; Submitted (APR-2008) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases. [3] Copeland A., Lucas S., Lapidus A., Glavina del Rio T., Dalin E., Tice H., Pitluck S., Chain P., Malfatti S., Shin M., Vergez L., Schmutz J., Larimer F., Land M., Hauser L., Kyrpides N., Kim E., Meeks J.C., Elhai J., Campbell E.L., Thiel T., Longmire J., Potts M., Atlas R. ; "Complete sequence of plasmid 2 of Nostoc punctiforme ATCC 29133."; Submitted (APR-2008) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases. [4] Copeland A., Lucas S., Lapidus A., Glavina del Rio T., Dalin E., Tice H., Pitluck S., Chain P., Malfatti S., Shin M., Vergez L., Schmutz J., Larimer F., Land M., Hauser L., Kyrpides N., Kim E., Meeks J.C., Elhai J., Campbell E.L., Thiel T., Longmire J., Potts M., Atlas R. ; "Complete sequence of plasmid 3 of Nostoc punctiforme ATCC 29133."; Submitted (APR-2008) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases. [5] Copeland A., Lucas S., Lapidus A., Glavina del Rio T., Dalin E., Tice H., Pitluck S., Chain P., Malfatti S., Shin M., Vergez L., Schmutz J., Larimer F., Land M., Hauser L., Kyrpides N., Kim E., Meeks J.C., Elhai J., Campbell E.L., Thiel T., Longmire J., Potts M., Atlas R. ; "Complete sequence of plasmid 4 of Nostoc punctiforme ATCC 29133."; Submitted (APR-2008) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases. [6] Copeland A., Lucas S., Lapidus A., Glavina del Rio T., Dalin E., Tice H., Pitluck S., Chain P., Malfatti S., Shin M., Vergez L., Schmutz J., Larimer F., Land M., Hauser L., Kyrpides N., Kim E., Meeks J.C., Elhai J., Campbell E.L., Thiel T., Longmire J., Potts M., Atlas R. ; "Complete sequence of plasmid 5 of Nostoc punctiforme ATCC 29133."; Submitted (APR-2008) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
Web links:	Official genome site(s): http://genome.jgi-psf.org/finished_microbes/nospu/nospu.home.html Other web sites: CyanoBase: http://genome.kazusa.or.jp/cyanobase/NPUN Entrez Genome Project: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=genomeprj&cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=216 Genome Atlas: http://www.cbs.dtu.dk/services/gwBrowser/project.php?pid=216 GIB (DDBJ): http://gib.genes.nig.ac.jp/single/index.php?spid=Npun_PCC73102 PEDANT: http://pedant.gsf.de/pedant3htmlview/pedant3view?Method=analysis&Db=p3_p216_Nos_punct  EBI Proteome Analysis page

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