Species code:	MYCTA
Taxonomy:	Bacteria; Actinobacteria; Actinobacteridae; Actinomycetales; Corynebacterineae; Mycobacteriaceae; Mycobacterium; Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (TaxID: 419947) [NEWT/ NCBI]
Description:	The highly attenuated H37Ra (and the already sequenced virulent H37Rv) strains of M. tuberculosis were derived by serial passaging of the H37 clinical isolate through laboratory media. The genetic basis for the avirulent phenotype of M. tuberculosis H37Ra in animal models is not known. Since the H37Ra strain does not revert to a virulent phenotype on passaging through animals, it is likely that the former has acquired multiple point mutations or small deletions/rearrangements in genes crucial for virulence. Some differences between the two strain have been noted. Although both H37Rv and H37Ra are able to infect macrophages equally, only H37Rv and not H37Ra was able to grow intracellularly as well as cause significant mitochondrial damage leading to necrosis. The aggregation of mycobacteria into structures known as "cords" has long been associated with virulence. Comparative gene expression analysis recently identified 22 genes that were consistently expressed at higher levels in H37Rv (a cording strain) than in H37Ra (a non-cording strain) under a variety of growth conditions. More than half of these genes were either involved in lipid metabolism or were putative cell membrane proteins (adapted from PubMed 17435310).
Properties:	Presence of flagella: No Interaction: Animal pathogen in Mammalia; Avirulent strain Number of membranes: 1 Number of inteins: 3 in 3 different sequences
Statistics:	Number of MYCTA entries in the UniProt Knowledgebase: 3990 (382 in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot + 3608 in UniProtKB/TrEMBL)

Genome structure:	Chromosome EMBL accession number CP000611 (circular; 4,419,977 bp) (download entry) (download Genome Reviews).
Reference(s):	[1] Wang S.Y., Zheng H.J., Lv L.D., Wang B.F., Zhang X.L., Pu S.Y., Zhu G.F., Wang H.H., Zhao G.P., Zhang Y. ; "Complete genomic sequence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain H37Ra, a non-pathogenic variant closely related to the well-characterized pathogenic strain H37Rv."; Submitted (MAR-2007) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
Web links:	Entrez Genome Project: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=genomeprj&Cmd=DetailsSearch&Term=txid419947%5Borgn%5D GIB (DDBJ): http://gib.genes.nig.ac.jp/single/index.php?spid=Mtub_H37RA  EBI Proteome Analysis page

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