Species code:	ECOL5
Taxonomy:	Bacteria; Proteobacteria; Gammaproteobacteria; Enterobacteriales; Enterobacteriaceae; Escherichia (TaxID: 362663) [NEWT/ NCBI]
Description:	Escherichia coli is a Gram-negative straight rod, which either uses peritrichous flagella for mobility or is nonmotile. It is a facultatively anaerobic chemoorganotroph capable of both respiratory and fermentative metabolism. E.coli serves a useful function in the body by suppressing the growth of harmful bacterial species and by synthesising appreciable amounts of vitamins. It is an important component of the biosphere. It colonizes the lower gut of animals and survives when released to the natural environment, allowing widespread dissemination to new hosts. Pathogenic E.coli strains are responsible for infection of the enteric, urinary, pulmonary and nervous systems. Comparison of 20 E.coli/Shigella strains shows the core genome to be about 2000 genes while the pan-genome has over 18,000 genes. There are multiple, striking integration hotspots that are conserved across the genomes, corresponding to regions of abundant and parallel insertions and deletions of genetic material. The uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) strain 536 was originally isolated from a patient with acute pyelonephritis. Strain 536 (O6:K15:H31) is one of the model organisms of extraintestinal E. coli. The genome consists of a circular chromosome of 4.9 Mbp, and harbors 5 well characterized pathogenicity islands and a newly identified sixth island, encoding the key virulence factors of this strain. Excision of 4 of the 6 islands was observed. It belongs to phylogroup B2.
Properties:	Presence of flagella: Yes Interaction: Animal pathogen in Mammalia Number of membranes: 2 Number of inteins:0
Statistics:	Number of ECOL5 entries in the UniProt Knowledgebase: 4605 (861 in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot + 3744 in UniProtKB/TrEMBL)

Genome structure:	Chromosome EMBL accession number CP000247 (circular; 4,938,920 bp) (download entry) (download Genome Reviews).
Reference(s):	[1] PubMed=16879640; [ NCBI , EBI , Israel , Japan ] Hochhut B., Wilde C., Balling G., Middendorf B., Dobrindt U., Brzuszkiewicz E., Gottschalk G., Carniel E., Hacker J. ; "Role of pathogenicity island-associated integrases in the genome plasticity of uropathogenic Escherichia coli strain 536."; Mol. Microbiol. 61:584-595(2006).
Web links:	Official genome site(s): http://www.g2l.bio.uni-goettingen.de/projects/f_projects.html Other web sites: CBS: http://www.cbs.dtu.dk/services/GenomeAtlas/show-genus.php?kingdom=Bacteria&GLgenus=Escherichia&GLspecies=coli&GLsupStrain=536 Entrez Genome Project: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=genomeprj&Cmd=DetailsSearch&Term=txid362663%5Borgn%5D ERIC: http://www.ericbrc.org/portal/eric/ecoliupec536 GIB (DDBJ): http://gib.genes.nig.ac.jp/single/index.php?spid=Ecol_536 PEDANT: http://pedant.gsf.de:3345/pedant3htmlview/pedant3view?Method=start_method&Db=p3_p16235_Esc_coli  EBI Proteome Analysis page

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