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UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entry P21964


[Entry info] [Name and origin] [References] [Comments] [Cross-references] [Keywords] [Features] [Sequence] [Tools]

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Entry information
Entry name COMT_HUMAN
Primary accession number P21964
Secondary accession numbers Q6IB07 Q6ICE6
Integrated into Swiss-Prot on August 1, 1991
Sequence was last modified on May 1, 1992 (Sequence version 2)
Annotations were last modified on    November 25, 2008 (Entry version 105)
Name and origin of the protein
Protein name Catechol O-methyltransferase
Synonym EC 2.1.1.6
Gene name
Name: COMT
From
Homo sapiens (Human) [TaxID: 9606] 
Taxonomy Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
Protein existence 1: Evidence at protein level;
References
[1]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
TISSUE=Placenta;
PubMed=1707278 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Lundstroem K., Salminen M., Jalanko A., Savolainen R., Ulmanen I.;
"Cloning and characterization of human placental catechol-O-methyltransferase cDNA.";
DNA Cell Biol. 10:181-189(1991).
[2]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], AND VARIANT SER-34.
PubMed=1847521 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Bertocci B., Miggiano V., da Prada M., Dembic Z., Lahm H.-W., Malherbe P.;
"Human catechol-O-methyltransferase: cloning and expression of the membrane-associated form.";
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 88:1416-1420(1991).
[3]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
PubMed=8055944 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Tenhunen J., Salminen M., Lundstroem K., Kiviluoto T., Savolainen R., Ulmanen I.;
"Genomic organization of the human catechol O-methyltransferase gene and its expression from two distinct promoters.";
Eur. J. Biochem. 223:1049-1059(1994).
[4]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
DOI=10.1038/ng1285; PubMed=14702039 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S., Yamamoto J., Saito K., Kawai Y., Isono Y., Nakamura Y., Nagahari K., Murakami K., Yasuda T., Iwayanagi T., Wagatsuma M., Shiratori A., Sudo H., Hosoiri T., Kaku Y., Kodaira H., Kondo H., Sugawara M., Takahashi M., Kanda K., Yokoi T., Furuya T., Kikkawa E., Omura Y., Abe K., Kamihara K., Katsuta N., Sato K., Tanikawa M., Yamazaki M., Ninomiya K., Ishibashi T., Yamashita H., Murakawa K., Fujimori K., Tanai H., Kimata M., Watanabe M., Hiraoka S., Chiba Y., Ishida S., Ono Y., Takiguchi S., Watanabe S., Yosida M., Hotuta T., Kusano J., Kanehori K., Takahashi-Fujii A., Hara H., Tanase T.-O., Nomura Y., Togiya S., Komai F., Hara R., Takeuchi K., Arita M., Imose N., Musashino K., Yuuki H., Oshima A., Sasaki N., Aotsuka S., Yoshikawa Y., Matsunawa H., Ichihara T., Shiohata N., Sano S., Moriya S., Momiyama H., Satoh N., Takami S., Terashima Y., Suzuki O., Nakagawa S., Senoh A., Mizoguchi H., Goto Y., Shimizu F., Wakebe H., Hishigaki H., Watanabe T., Sugiyama A., Takemoto M., Kawakami B., Yamazaki M., Watanabe K., Kumagai A., Itakura S., Fukuzumi Y., Fujimori Y., Komiyama M., Tashiro H., Tanigami A., Fujiwara T., Ono T., Yamada K., Fujii Y., Ozaki K., Hirao M., Ohmori Y., Kawabata A., Hikiji T., Kobatake N., Inagaki H., Ikema Y., Okamoto S., Okitani R., Kawakami T., Noguchi S., Itoh T., Shigeta K., Senba T., Matsumura K., Nakajima Y., Mizuno T., Morinaga M., Sasaki M., Togashi T., Oyama M., Hata H., Watanabe M., Komatsu T., Mizushima-Sugano J., Satoh T., Shirai Y., Takahashi Y., Nakagawa K., Okumura K., Nagase T., Nomura N., Kikuchi H., Masuho Y., Yamashita R., Nakai K., Yada T., Nakamura Y., Ohara O., Isogai T., Sugano S.;
"Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.";
Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004).
[5]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA], AND VARIANT MET-158.
DOI=10.1186/gb-2004-5-10-r84; PubMed=15461802 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Collins J.E., Wright C.L., Edwards C.A., Davis M.P., Grinham J.A., Cole C.G., Goward M.E., Aguado B., Mallya M., Mokrab Y., Huckle E.J., Beare D.M., Dunham I.;
"A genome annotation-driven approach to cloning the human ORFeome.";
Genome Biol. 5:RESEARCH84.1-RESEARCH84.11(2004).
[6]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
Ebert L., Schick M., Neubert P., Schatten R., Henze S., Korn B.;
"Cloning of human full open reading frames in Gateway(TM) system entry vector (pDONR201).";
Submitted (JUN-2004) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
[7]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], AND VARIANTS SER-72 AND MET-158.
Rieder M.J., Livingston R.J., Daniels M.R., Chung M.-W., Miyamoto K.E., Nguyen C.P., Nguyen D.A., Poel C.L., Robertson P.D., Schackwitz W.S., Sherwood J.K., Witrak L.A., Nickerson D.A.;
"NIEHS-SNPs, environmental genome project, NIEHS ES15478, Department of Genome Sciences, Seattle, WA (URL: http://egp.gs.washington.edu).";
Submitted (JUL-2003) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
[8]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA], AND VARIANT MET-158.
Mural R.J., Istrail S., Sutton G.G., Florea L., Halpern A.L., Mobarry C.M., Lippert R., Walenz B., Shatkay H., Dew I., Miller J.R., Flanigan M.J., Edwards N.J., Bolanos R., Fasulo D., Halldorsson B.V., Hannenhalli S., Turner R., Yooseph S., Lu F., Nusskern D.R., Shue B.C., Zheng X.H., Zhong F., Delcher A.L., Huson D.H., Kravitz S.A., Mouchard L., Reinert K., Remington K.A., Clark A.G., Waterman M.S., Eichler E.E., Adams M.D., Hunkapiller M.W., Myers E.W., Venter J.C.;
Submitted (SEP-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
[9]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
TISSUE=Brain, and Skin;
DOI=10.1101/gr.2596504; PubMed=15489334 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
The MGC Project Team;
"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).";
Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004).
[10]
PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 52-61, AND MASS SPECTROMETRY.
PubMed=8020475 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Vilbois F., Caspers P., da Prada M., Lang G., Karrer C., Lahm H.W., Cesura A.M.;
"Mass spectrometric analysis of human soluble catechol O-methyltransferase expressed in Escherichia coli. Identification of a product of ribosomal frameshifting and of reactive cysteines involved in S-adenosyl-L-methionine binding.";
Eur. J. Biochem. 222:377-386(1994).
[11]
PARTIAL PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 59-271.
TISSUE=Placenta;
DOI=10.1016/0006-291X(91)91517-G; PubMed=1993083 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Tilgmann C., Kalkkinen N.;
"Purification and partial sequence analysis of the soluble catechol-O-methyltransferase from human placenta: comparison to the rat liver enzyme.";
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 174:995-1002(1991).
[12]
CHARACTERIZATION OF THE TWO FORMS.
PubMed=1765063 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Ulmanen I., Lundstroem K.;
"Cell-free synthesis of rat and human catechol O-methyltransferase. Insertion of the membrane-bound form into microsomal membranes in vitro.";
Eur. J. Biochem. 202:1013-1020(1991).
[13]
X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (1.3 ANGSTROMS) OF 52-264 OF MUTANTS VAL-108 AND MET-108 IN COMPLEX WITH SUBSTRATE ANALOG 3,5-DINITROCATECHOL; MAGNESIUM AND S-ADENOSYL-L-METHIONINE.
DOI=10.1016/j.jmb.2008.04.040; PubMed=18486144 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Rutherford K., Le Trong I., Stenkamp R.E., Parson W.W.;
"Crystal structures of human 108V and 108M catechol O-methyltransferase.";
J. Mol. Biol. 380:120-130(2008).
[14]
VARIANT COMT*2 MET-158.
PubMed=8807664 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Lachman H.M., Papolos D.F., Saito T., Yu Y.-M., Szumlanski C.L., Weinshilboum R.M.;
"Human catechol-O-methyltransferase pharmacogenetics: description of a functional polymorphism and its potential application to neuropsychiatric disorders.";
Pharmacogenetics 6:243-250(1996).
[15]
INVOLVEMENT IN SUSCEPTIBILITY TO ALCOHOLISM.
DOI=10.1038/sj.mp.4000509; PubMed=10395222 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Tiihonen J., Hallikainen T., Lachman H., Saito T., Volavka J., Kauhanen J., Salonen J.T., Ryynaenen O.-P., Koulu M., Karvonen M.K., Pohjalainen T., Syvaelahti E., Hietala J.;
"Association between the functional variant of the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene and type 1 alcoholism.";
Mol. Psychiatry 4:286-289(1999).
[16]
VARIANTS SER-34 AND SER-72.
DOI=10.1038/10290; PubMed=10391209 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Cargill M., Altshuler D., Ireland J., Sklar P., Ardlie K., Patil N., Shaw N., Lane C.R., Lim E.P., Kalyanaraman N., Nemesh J., Ziaugra L., Friedland L., Rolfe A., Warrington J., Lipshutz R., Daley G.Q., Lander E.S.;
"Characterization of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in coding regions of human genes.";
Nat. Genet. 22:231-238(1999).
[17]
ERRATUM.
Cargill M., Altshuler D., Ireland J., Sklar P., Ardlie K., Patil N., Shaw N., Lane C.R., Lim E.P., Kalyanaraman N., Nemesh J., Ziaugra L., Friedland L., Rolfe A., Warrington J., Lipshutz R., Daley G.Q., Lander E.S.;
Nat. Genet. 23:373-373(1999).
[18]
CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANT SER-72, AND POSSIBLE INVOLVEMENT IN SCHIZOPHRENIA.
DOI=10.1007/s00439-004-1239-y; PubMed=15645182 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Lee S.-G., Joo Y., Kim B., Chung S., Kim H.-L., Lee I., Choi B., Kim C., Song K.;
"Association of Ala72Ser polymorphism with COMT enzyme activity and the risk of schizophrenia in Koreans.";
Hum. Genet. 116:319-328(2005).
[19]
CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANT COMT*2 MET-158.
DOI=10.1016/j.bbapap.2008.04.006; PubMed=18474266 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Rutherford K., Alphandery E., McMillan A., Daggett V., Parson W.W.;
"The V108M mutation decreases the structural stability of catechol O-methyltransferase.";
Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1784:1098-1105(2008).
[20]
VARIANT COMT*2 MET-158.
DOI=10.1016/j.metabol.2008.01.012; PubMed=18442637 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Annerbrink K., Westberg L., Nilsson S., Rosmond R., Holm G., Eriksson E.;
"Catechol O-methyltransferase val158-met polymorphism is associated with abdominal obesity and blood pressure in men.";
Metabolism 57:708-711(2008).
Comments
Copyright
Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see http://www.uniprot.org/terms. Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs License.
Cross-references
Sequence databases
EMBL
M65212; AAA68927.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
M65213; AAA68928.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
M58525; AAA68929.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
Z26491; CAA81263.1; -; Genomic_DNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
AK290440; BAF83129.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
CR456422; CAG30308.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
CR456997; CAG33278.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
AY341246; AAP88929.1; -; Genomic_DNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
CH471176; EAX03010.1; -; Genomic_DNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
BC011935; AAH11935.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
BC100018; AAI00019.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
PIR I37256; A38459.
RefSeq NP_000745.1; -.
NP_001128633.1; -.
NP_001128634.1; -.
NP_009294.1; -.
UniGene Hs.370408
3D structure databases
PDB
3BWM; X-ray; 1.98 A; A=52-265.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
3BWY; X-ray; 1.30 A; A=52-264.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
Detailed list of linked structures.
PDBsum 3BWM; -.
3BWY; -.
SMR P21964; 52-265.
ModBase P21964.
Protein-protein interaction databases
IntAct P21964; -.
PTM databases
PhosphoSite P21964; -.
Enzyme and pathway databases
BioCyc MetaCyc:ENSG00000093010-MON; -.
Reactome REACT_2063; Metabolism of xenobiotics.
Polymorphism databases
NIEHS-SNPs COMT.
2D gel databases
Cornea-2DPAGE P21964; -.
REPRODUCTION-2DPAGE IPI00375513; -.
Organism-specific databases
H-InvDB HIX0016246; -.
HGNC HGNC:2228; COMT.
GenAtlas COMT.
HPA CAB011233; -.
HPA001169; -.
MIM 103780; phenotype. [NCBI / EBI]
116790; gene+phenotype. [NCBI / EBI]
PharmGKB PA117; -.
GeneCards P21964.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress P21964; -.
CleanEx HS_COMT; -.
GermOnline ENSG00000093010; Homo sapiens.
Ontologies
GO
GO:0005829; Cellular component: cytosol (inferred from experiment from Reactome).
GO:0016021; Cellular component: integral to membrane (inferred from electronic annotation from UniProtKB-KW).
GO:0043231; Cellular component: intracellular membrane-bounded organelle (inferred from direct assay from HPA).
GO:0005792; Cellular component: microsome (traceable author statement from ProtInc).
GO:0005886; Cellular component: plasma membrane (inferred from electronic annotation from UniProtKB-KW).
GO:0005625; Cellular component: soluble fraction (traceable author statement from ProtInc).
GO:0016206; Molecular function: catechol O-methyltransferase activity (inferred from electronic annotation from EC).
GO:0000287; Molecular function: magnesium ion binding (inferred from electronic annotation from UniProtKB-KW).
GO:0005515; Molecular function: protein binding (inferred from physical interaction from IntAct).
GO:0042135; Biological process: neurotransmitter catabolic process (inferred from electronic annotation from UniProtKB-KW).
QuickGo view.
Family and domain databases
InterPro IPR017128; Catechol_O-MeTrfase_euk.
IPR002935; O-MeTrfase_3.
Graphical view of domain structure.
PANTHER PTHR10509; Methyltransf_3; 1.
Pfam PF01596; Methyltransf_3; 1.
Pfam graphical view of domain structure.
PIRSF PIRSF037177; Catechol_O-mtfrase_euk; 1.
ProtoNet P21964.
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl ENSG00000093010; Homo sapiens. [Contig view]
GeneID 1312; -.
KEGG hsa:1312; -.
Phylogenomic databases
HOGENOM P21964; -.
HOVERGEN P21964; -.
Other
DrugBank DB00190; Carbidopa.
DB00286; Conjugated Estrogens.
DB00255; Diethylstilbestrol.
DB00841; Dobutamine.
DB00988; Dopamine.
DB00494; Entacapone.
DB00158; Folic Acid.
DB00161; L-Valine.
DB01235; Levodopa.
DB00968; Methyldopa.
DB00745; Modafinil.
DB00295; Morphine.
DB00118; S-Adenosylmethionine.
DB00323; Tolcapone.
NextBio 5365; -.
SOURCE COMT; Homo sapiens.
UniRef View cluster of proteins with at least 50% / 90% / 100% identity.
Keywords
3D-structure; Alternative initiation; Catecholamine metabolism; Cell membrane; Cytoplasm; Direct protein sequencing; Magnesium; Membrane; Metal-binding; Methyltransferase; Neurotransmitter degradation; Phosphoprotein; Polymorphism; S-adenosyl-L-methionine; Signal-anchor; Transferase; Transmembrane.
Features
SEVIEWER logo Feature table viewer FT aligner logo Feature aligner
KeyFrom   To Length Description FTId
CHAIN   1   271  271     Catechol O-methyltransferase. PRO_0000020971
TRANSMEM   7    26  20     Signal-anchor for type II membrane protein (Potential). 
REGION   167   170  4     S-adenosyl-L-methionine binding. 
METAL   191   191        Magnesium. 
METAL   219   219        Magnesium. 
METAL   220   220        Magnesium. 
BINDING   92    92        S-adenosyl-L-methionine; via amide nitrogen. 
BINDING   122   122        S-adenosyl-L-methionine. 
BINDING   140   140        S-adenosyl-L-methionine. 
BINDING   191   191        S-adenosyl-L-methionine. 
BINDING   194   194        Substrate. 
BINDING   220   220        Substrate. 
BINDING   249   249        Substrate. 
MOD_RES   267   267        Phosphoserine (By similarity). 
VAR_SEQ   1    50        Missing (in isoform Soluble). VSP_018778
VARIANT   34    34  1     C -> S (in dbSNP:rs6270 [NCBI]). VAR_013925 
VARIANT   72    72  1     A -> S (correlated with reduced enzyme activity; could be a risk allele for schizophrenia; dbSNP:rs6267 [NCBI]). VAR_013926 [3D]
VARIANT   102   102  1     A -> T (in dbSNP:rs5031015 [NCBI]). VAR_020274 [3D]
VARIANT   146   146  1     A -> V (in dbSNP:rs4986871 [NCBI]). VAR_020275 [3D]
VARIANT   158   158  1     V -> M (in allele COMT*2; associated with low enzyme activity and thermolability; may increase the tendency to develop high blood pressure and abdominal obesity; dbSNP:rs4680 [NCBI]). VAR_005139 [3D]
CONFLICT   245   245        Q -> N (in Ref. 11; AA sequence). 
HELIX   55    66  12      
HELIX   72    85  14      
HELIX   93   107  15      
STRAND   110   115  6      
HELIX   121   127  7      
STRAND   135   141  7      
HELIX   143   155  13      
HELIX   159   161  3      
STRAND   162   167  6      
HELIX   169   172  4      
HELIX   173   175  3      
HELIX   176   180  5      
STRAND   185   190  6      
HELIX   194   196  3      
HELIX   197   206  10      
STRAND   210   219  10      
HELIX   221   225  5      
HELIX   227   235  9      
STRAND   239   247  9      
STRAND   251   262  12      
Sequence information
Length: 271 AA [This is the length of the unprocessed precursor] Molecular weight: 30037 Da [This is the MW of the unprocessed precursor] CRC64: D2547A1C399AC758 [This is a checksum on the sequence]
        10         20         30         40         50         60 
MPEAPPLLLA AVLLGLVLLV VLLLLLRHWG WGLCLIGWNE FILQPIHNLL MGDTKEQRIL 

        70         80         90        100        110        120 
NHVLQHAEPG NAQSVLEAID TYCEQKEWAM NVGDKKGKIV DAVIQEHQPS VLLELGAYCG 

       130        140        150        160        170        180 
YSAVRMARLL SPGARLITIE INPDCAAITQ RMVDFAGVKD KVTLVVGASQ DIIPQLKKKY 

       190        200        210        220        230        240 
DVDTLDMVFL DHWKDRYLPD TLLLEECGLL RKGTVLLADN VICPGAPDFL AHVRGSSCFE 

       250        260        270 
CTHYQSFLEY REVVDGLEKA IYKGPGSEAG P 

P21964 in FASTA format

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