[1]
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NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORMS ALPHA AND BETA).
DOI=10.1073/pnas.83.14.5214; PubMed=3523487 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Tsujimoto Y.,
Croce C.M.;
"Analysis of the structure, transcripts, and protein products of bcl-2, the gene involved in human follicular lymphoma.";
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 83:5214-5218(1986).
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[2]
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SEQUENCE REVISION TO 96; 110 AND 237.
DOI=10.1093/nar/20.16.4187; PubMed=1508712 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Eguchi Y.,
Ewert D.L.,
Tsujimoto Y.;
"Isolation and characterization of the chicken bcl-2 gene: expression in a variety of tissues including lymphoid and neuronal organs in adult and embryo.";
Nucleic Acids Res. 20:4187-4192(1992).
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[3]
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NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM ALPHA).
DOI=10.1016/0092-8674(86)90362-4; PubMed=2875799 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Cleary M.L.,
Smith S.D.,
Sklar J.;
"Cloning and structural analysis of cDNAs for bcl-2 and a hybrid bcl-2/immunoglobulin transcript resulting from the t(14;18) translocation.";
Cell 47:19-28(1986).
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[4]
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NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM ALPHA), AND VARIANT SER-7.
PubMed=2834197 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Seto M.,
Jaeger U.,
Hockett R.D.,
Graninger W.,
Bennett S.,
Goldman P.,
Korsmeyer S.J.;
"Alternative promoters and exons, somatic mutation and deregulation of the Bcl-2-Ig fusion gene in lymphoma.";
EMBO J. 7:123-131(1988).
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[5]
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NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA / MRNA], AND VARIANT SER-7.
PubMed=3285301 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Hua C.,
Zorn S.,
Jensen J.P.,
Coupland R.W.,
Ko H.S.,
Wright J.J.,
Bakhshi A.;
"Consequences of the t(14;18) chromosomal translocation in follicular lymphoma: deregulated expression of a chimeric and mutated BCL-2 gene.";
Oncogene Res. 2:263-275(1988).
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[6]
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NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], AND VARIANT THR-43.
NIEHS SNPs program;
Submitted (JAN-2003) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
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[7]
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NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM ALPHA).
TISSUE=Testis;
DOI=10.1101/gr.2596504; PubMed=15489334 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan] The MGC Project Team;
"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).";
Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004).
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[8]
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NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 1-131 (ISOFORM ALPHA), AND VARIANTS NON-HODGKIN LYMPHOMA SER-59 AND ILE-93.
PubMed=1339299 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Tanaka S.,
Louie D.C.,
Kant J.A.,
Reed J.C.;
"Frequent incidence of somatic mutations in translocated BCL2 oncogenes of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.";
Blood 79:229-237(1992).
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[9]
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SUBCELLULAR LOCATION.
DOI=10.1038/348334a0; PubMed=2250705 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Hockenbery D.,
Nunez G.,
Milliman C.,
Schreiber R.D.,
Korsmeyer S.J.;
"Bcl-2 is an inner mitochondrial membrane protein that blocks programmed cell death.";
Nature 348:334-336(1990).
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[10]
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MUTAGENESIS.
DOI=10.1038/369321a0; PubMed=8183370 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Yin X.-M.,
Oltvai Z.N.,
Korsmeyer S.J.;
"BH1 and BH2 domains of Bcl-2 are required for inhibition of apoptosis and heterodimerization with Bax.";
Nature 369:321-323(1994).
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[11]
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CLEAVAGE BY CASPASES, AND MUTAGENESIS.
DOI=10.1126/science.278.5345.1966; PubMed=9395403 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Cheng E.H.-Y.,
Kirsch D.G.,
Clem R.J.,
Ravi R.,
Kastan M.B.,
Bedi A.,
Ueno K.,
Hardwick J.M.;
"Conversion of Bcl-2 to a Bax-like death effector by caspases.";
Science 278:1966-1968(1997).
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[12]
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INTERACTION WITH TP53BP2.
PubMed=8668206 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Naumovski L.,
Cleary M.L.;
"The p53-binding protein 53BP2 also interacts with Bcl2 and impedes cell cycle progression at G2/M.";
Mol. Cell. Biol. 16:3884-3892(1996).
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[13]
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REVIEW ON PHOSPHORYLATION.
DOI=10.1038/sj/leu/2402090; PubMed=11368354 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Ruvolo P.P.,
Deng X.,
May W.S.;
"Phosphorylation of Bcl2 and regulation of apoptosis.";
Leukemia 15:515-522(2001).
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[14]
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PHOSPHORYLATION BY ASK1/JNK1.
PubMed=10567572 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Yamamoto K.,
Ichijo H.,
Korsmeyer S.J.;
"BCL-2 is phosphorylated and inactivated by an ASK1/Jun N-terminal protein kinase pathway normally activated at G(2)/M.";
Mol. Cell. Biol. 19:8469-8478(1999).
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[15]
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INTERACTION WITH BBC3 AND BCL2L1.
DOI=10.1016/S1097-2765(01)00213-1; PubMed=11463391 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Yu J.,
Zhang L.,
Hwang P.M.,
Kinzler K.W.,
Vogelstein B.;
"PUMA induces the rapid apoptosis of colorectal cancer cells.";
Mol. Cell 7:673-682(2001).
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[16]
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INTERACTION WITH BNIPL.
DOI=10.1016/S0006-291X(03)01387-1; PubMed=12901880 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Qin W.,
Hu J.,
Guo M.,
Xu J.,
Li J.,
Yao G.,
Zhou X.,
Jiang H.,
Zhang P.,
Shen L.,
Wan D.,
Gu J.;
"BNIPL-2, a novel homologue of BNIP-2, interacts with Bcl-2 and Cdc42GAP in apoptosis.";
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 308:379-385(2003).
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[17]
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INTERACTION WITH FKBP8.
DOI=10.1016/j.febslet.2005.01.053; PubMed=15733859 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Kang C.B.,
Tai J.,
Chia J.,
Yoon H.S.;
"The flexible loop of Bcl-2 is required for molecular interaction with immunosuppressant FK-506 binding protein 38 (FKBP38).";
FEBS Lett. 579:1469-1476(2005).
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[18]
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INTERACTION WITH MRPL41.
DOI=10.1002/jcb.20292; PubMed=15547950 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Chintharlapalli S.R.,
Jasti M.,
Malladi S.,
Parsa K.V.L.,
Ballestero R.P.,
Gonzalez-Garcia M.;
"BMRP is a Bcl-2 binding protein that induces apoptosis.";
J. Cell. Biochem. 94:611-626(2005).
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[19]
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INTERACTION WITH FKBP8.
DOI=10.1074/jbc.M606181200; PubMed=17090549 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Portier B.P.,
Taglialatela G.;
"Bcl-2 localized at the nuclear compartment induces apoptosis after transient overexpression.";
J. Biol. Chem. 281:40493-40502(2006).
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[20]
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STRUCTURE BY NMR OF 1-207.
DOI=10.1073/pnas.041619798; PubMed=11248023 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Petros A.M.,
Medek A.,
Nettesheim D.G.,
Kim D.H.,
Yoon H.S.,
Swift K.,
Matayoshi E.D.,
Oltersdorf T.,
Fesik S.W.;
"Solution structure of the antiapoptotic protein bcl-2.";
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98:3012-3017(2001).
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[21]
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STRUCTURE BY NMR OF 45-207.
DOI=10.1038/nature03579; PubMed=15902208 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Oltersdorf T.,
Elmore S.W.,
Shoemaker A.R.,
Armstrong R.C.,
Augeri D.J.,
Belli B.A.,
Bruncko M.,
Deckwerth T.L.,
Dinges J.,
Hajduk P.J.,
Joseph M.K.,
Kitada S.,
Korsmeyer S.J.,
Kunzer A.R.,
Letai A.,
Li C.,
Mitten M.J.,
Nettesheim D.G.,
Ng S.-C.,
Nimmer P.M.,
O'Connor J.M.,
Oleksijew A.,
Petros A.M.,
Reed J.C.,
Shen W.,
Tahir S.K.,
Thompson C.B.,
Tomaselli K.J.,
Wang B.,
Wendt M.D.,
Zhang H.,
Fesik S.W.,
Rosenberg S.H.;
"An inhibitor of Bcl-2 family proteins induces regression of solid tumours.";
Nature 435:677-681(2005).
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[22]
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STRUCTURE BY NMR OF 44-207.
DOI=10.1021/jm061152t; PubMed=17256834 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Bruncko M.,
Oost T.K.,
Belli B.A.,
Ding H.,
Joseph M.K.,
Kunzer A.,
Martineau D.,
McClellan W.J.,
Mitten M.,
Ng S.-C.,
Nimmer P.M.,
Oltersdorf T.,
Park C.-M.,
Petros A.M.,
Shoemaker A.R.,
Song X.,
Wang X.,
Wendt M.D.,
Zhang H.,
Fesik S.W.,
Rosenberg S.H.,
Elmore S.W.;
"Studies leading to potent, dual inhibitors of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL.";
J. Med. Chem. 50:641-662(2007).
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- FUNCTION: Suppresses apoptosis in a variety of cell systems including factor-dependent lymphohematopoietic and neural cells. Regulates cell death by controlling the mitochondrial membrane permeability. Appears to function in a feedback loop system with caspases. Inhibits caspase activity either by preventing the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria and/or by binding to the apoptosis-activating factor (APAF-1).
- SUBUNIT: Forms homodimers, and heterodimers with BAX, BAD, BAK and Bcl-X(L). Heterodimerization with BAX requires intact BH1 and BH2 motifs, and is necessary for anti-apoptotic activity (By similarity). Also interacts with APAF1, RAF-1, TP53BP2, BBC3, BCL2L1, MRPL41 and BNIPL. Binding to FKBP8 seems to target BCL2 to the mitochondria and probably interferes with the binding of BCL2 to its targets.
- INTERACTION:
Self; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-77694, EBI-77694;
Q92934:BAD; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-77694, EBI-700771;
Q61337:Bad (xeno); NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-77694, EBI-400328;
Q16611:BAK1; NbExp=1; IntAct=EBI-77694, EBI-519866;
Q07812:BAX; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-77694, EBI-516580;
Q07813:Bax (xeno); NbExp=1; IntAct=EBI-77694, EBI-700711;
Q9BXH1:BBC3; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-77694, EBI-519884;
Q9BXH1-1:BBC3; NbExp=1; IntAct=EBI-77694, EBI-519891;
Q9BXH1-2:BBC3; NbExp=1; IntAct=EBI-77694, EBI-519896;
P51572:BCAP31; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-77694, EBI-77683;
Q07817-1:BCL2L1; NbExp=1; IntAct=EBI-77694, EBI-287195;
O43521:BCL2L11; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-77694, EBI-526406;
O43521-1:BCL2L11; NbExp=1; IntAct=EBI-77694, EBI-526416;
O43521-2:BCL2L11; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-77694, EBI-526420;
O54918:Bcl2l11 (xeno); NbExp=1; IntAct=EBI-77694, EBI-526067;
P55957:BID; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-77694, EBI-519672;
Q13323:BIK; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-77694, EBI-700794;
Q91ZE9:Bmf (xeno); NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-77694, EBI-708032;
O60238:BNIP3L; NbExp=1; IntAct=EBI-77694, EBI-849893;
Q9C000:NLRP1; NbExp=5; IntAct=EBI-77694, EBI-1220518;
P22736:NR4A1; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-77694, EBI-721550;
P62136:PPP1CA; NbExp=1; IntAct=EBI-77694, EBI-357253;
P62140:PPP1CB; NbExp=1; IntAct=EBI-77694, EBI-352350;
P36873-1:PPP1CC; NbExp=1; IntAct=EBI-77694, EBI-356289;
O15304:SIVA1; NbExp=1; IntAct=EBI-77694, EBI-520756;
Q9H2V7:SPNS1; NbExp=1; IntAct=EBI-77694, EBI-1386527;
- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion outer membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. Nucleus membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Single-pass membrane protein.
- ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS:
2 named isoforms [FASTA] produced by alternative splicing.
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| Name | Beta |
| Isoform ID | P10415-2 |
| Features which should be applied to build the isoform sequence: VSP_000512. |
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- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in a variety of tissues.
- DOMAIN: The BH4 motif is required for anti-apoptotic activity and for interaction with RAF-1.
- PTM: Phosphorylation/dephosphorylation on Ser-70 regulates anti-apoptotic activity. Growth factor-stimulated phosphorylation on Ser-70 by PKC is required for the anti-apoptosis activity and occurs during the G2/M phase of the cell cycle. In the absence of growth factors, BCL2 appears to be phosphorylated by other protein kinases such as ERKs and stress-activated kinases. Dephosphorylated by protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) (By similarity).
- PTM: Proteolytically cleaved by caspases during apoptosis. The cleaved protein, lacking the BH4 motif, has pro-apoptotic activity, causes the release of cytochrome c into the cytosol promoting further caspase activity.
- DISEASE: A chromosomal aberration involving BCL2 may be a cause of follicular lymphoma (FL) [MIM:151430]; also known as type II chronic lymphatic leukemia. Translocation t(14;18)(q32;q21) with immunoglobulin gene regions. BCL2 mutations found in non-Hodgkin lymphomas carrying the chromosomal translocation could be attributed to the Ig somatic hypermutation mechanism resulting in nucleotide transitions.
- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Bcl-2 family.
- WEB RESOURCE: Name=Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology; URL="http://atlasgeneticsoncology.org/Genes/BCL2ID49.html";.
- WEB RESOURCE: Name=NIEHS-SNPs; URL="http://egp.gs.washington.edu/data/bcl2/";.
- WEB RESOURCE: Name=Wikipedia; Note=Bcl-2 entry; URL="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bcl-2";.
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