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UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entry P07101


[Entry info] [Name and origin] [References] [Comments] [Cross-references] [Keywords] [Features] [Sequence] [Tools]

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Entry information
Entry name TY3H_HUMAN
Primary accession number P07101
Secondary accession numbers Q15585 Q15588 Q15589
Integrated into Swiss-Prot on April 1, 1988
Sequence was last modified on January 23, 2007 (Sequence version 4)
Annotations were last modified on    November 4, 2008 (Entry version 108)
Name and origin of the protein
Protein name Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase
Synonyms EC 1.14.16.2
Tyrosine 3-hydroxylase
TH
Gene name
Name: TH
Synonyms: TYH
From
Homo sapiens (Human) [TaxID: 9606] 
Taxonomy Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
Protein existence 1: Evidence at protein level;
References
[1]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORMS 1; 2; 3 AND 4).
DOI=10.1038/326707a0; PubMed=2882428 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Grima B., Lamouroux A., Boni C., Julien J.-F., Javoy-Agid F., Mallet J.;
"A single human gene encoding multiple tyrosine hydroxylases with different predicted functional characteristics.";
Nature 326:707-711(1987).
[2]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 3).
DOI=10.1093/nar/15.16.6733; PubMed=2888085 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Kobayashi K., Kaneda N., Ichinose H., Kishi F., Nakazawa A., Kurosawa Y., Fujita K., Nagatsu T.;
"Isolation of a full-length cDNA clone encoding human tyrosine hydroxylase type 3.";
Nucleic Acids Res. 15:6733-6733(1987).
[3]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 1-94 (ISOFORM 3).
DOI=10.1016/0006-291X(87)90742-X; PubMed=2887169 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Kaneda N., Kobayashi K., Ichinose H., Kishi F., Nakazawa A., Kurosawa Y., Fujita K., Nagatsu T.;
"Isolation of a novel cDNA clone for human tyrosine hydroxylase: alternative RNA splicing produces four kinds of mRNA from a single gene.";
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 146:971-975(1987).
[4]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] (ISOFORMS 1; 2; 3 AND 4).
PubMed=2902075 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Kobayashi K., Kaneda N., Ichinose H., Kishi F., Nakazawa A., Kurosawa Y., Fujita K., Nagatsu T.;
"Structure of the human tyrosine hydroxylase gene: alternative splicing from a single gene accounts for generation of four mRNA types.";
J. Biochem. 103:907-912(1988).
[5]
PARTIAL NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
PubMed=2892893 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
le Bourdelles B., Boularand S., Boni C., Horellou P., Dumas S., Grima B., Mallet J.;
"Analysis of the 5' region of the human tyrosine hydroxylase gene: combinatorial patterns of exon splicing generate multiple regulated tyrosine hydroxylase isoforms.";
J. Neurochem. 50:988-991(1988).
[6]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 1-30.
PubMed=2896667 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Ginns E.I., Rehavi M., Martin B.M., Weller M., O'Malley K.L., Lamarca M.E., McAllister C.G., Paul S.M.;
"Expression of human tyrosine hydroxylase cDNA in invertebrate cells using a baculovirus vector.";
J. Biol. Chem. 263:7406-7410(1988).
[7]
VARIANT SEGAWA SYNDROME LYS-412.
DOI=10.1007/BF00225091; PubMed=7814018 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Luedecke B., Dworniczak B., Bartholome K.;
"A point mutation in the tyrosine hydroxylase gene associated with Segawa's syndrome.";
Hum. Genet. 95:123-125(1995).
[8]
VARIANT MET-112.
DOI=10.1007/BF00209496; PubMed=7789962 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Luedecke B., Bartholome K.;
"Frequent sequence variant in the human tyrosine hydroxylase gene.";
Hum. Genet. 95:716-716(1995).
[9]
CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANT SEGAWA SYNDROME LYS-412.
DOI=10.1093/hmg/4.7.1209; PubMed=8528210 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Knappskog P.M., Flatmark T., Mallet J., Luedecke B., Bartholome K.;
"Recessively inherited L-DOPA-responsive dystonia caused by a point mutation (Q381K) in the tyrosine hydroxylase gene.";
Hum. Mol. Genet. 4:1209-1212(1995).
[10]
CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANT SEGAWA SYNDROME PRO-236.
DOI=10.1093/hmg/5.7.1023; PubMed=8817341 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Luedecke B., Knappskog P.M., Clayton P.T., Surtees R.A.H., Clelland J.D., Heales S.J.R., Brand M.P., Bartholome K., Flatmark T.;
"Recessively inherited L-DOPA-responsive parkinsonism in infancy caused by a point mutation (L205P) in the tyrosine hydroxylase gene.";
Hum. Mol. Genet. 5:1023-1028(1996).
[11]
VARIANT SEGAWA SYNDROME PRO-236, AND VARIANT MET-112.
DOI=10.1002/(SICI)1096-8628(19980328)81:2<131::AID-AJMG2>3.3.CO;2-X; PubMed=9613851 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Kunugi H., Kawada Y., Hattori M., Ueki A., Otsuka M., Nanko S.;
"Association study of structural mutations of the tyrosine hydroxylase gene with schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease.";
Am. J. Med. Genet. 81:131-133(1998).
[12]
VARIANT MET-499.
DOI=10.1002/(SICI)1096-8628(19980907)81:5<388::AID-AJMG7>3.3.CO;2-F; PubMed=9754624 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Ishiguro H., Arinami T., Saito T., Akazawa S., Enomoto M., Mitushio H., Fujishiro H., Tada K., Akimoto Y., Mifune H., Shiozuka S., Hamaguchi H., Toru M., Shibuya H.;
"Systematic search for variations in the tyrosine hydroxylase gene and their associations with schizophrenia, affective disorders, and alcoholism.";
Am. J. Med. Genet. 81:388-396(1998).
[13]
VARIANT SEGAWA SYNDROME HIS-233.
DOI=10.1007/s004390050756; PubMed=9703425 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
van den Heuvel L.P.W.J., Luiten B., Smeitink J.A.M., de Rijk-van Andel J.F., Hyland K., Steenbergen-Spanjers G.C.H., Janssen R.J.T., Wevers R.A.;
"A common point mutation in the tyrosine hydroxylase gene in autosomal recessive L-DOPA-responsive dystonia in the Dutch population.";
Hum. Genet. 102:644-646(1998).
[14]
VARIANT MET-112.
DOI=10.1038/10290; PubMed=10391209 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Cargill M., Altshuler D., Ireland J., Sklar P., Ardlie K., Patil N., Shaw N., Lane C.R., Lim E.P., Kalyanaraman N., Nemesh J., Ziaugra L., Friedland L., Rolfe A., Warrington J., Lipshutz R., Daley G.Q., Lander E.S.;
"Characterization of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in coding regions of human genes.";
Nat. Genet. 22:231-238(1999).
[15]
ERRATUM.
Cargill M., Altshuler D., Ireland J., Sklar P., Ardlie K., Patil N., Shaw N., Lane C.R., Lim E.P., Kalyanaraman N., Nemesh J., Ziaugra L., Friedland L., Rolfe A., Warrington J., Lipshutz R., Daley G.Q., Lander E.S.;
Nat. Genet. 23:373-373(1999).
[16]
VARIANTS SEGAWA SYNDROME PRO-276; MET-314; HIS-337 AND MET-494.
DOI=10.1017/S0003480000007922; PubMed=11246459 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Swaans R.J.M., Rondot P., Renier W.O., Van Den Heuvel L.P.W.J., Steenbergen-Spanjers G.C.H., Wevers R.A.;
"Four novel mutations in the tyrosine hydroxylase gene in patients with infantile parkinsonism.";
Ann. Hum. Genet. 64:25-31(2000).
Comments
Copyright
Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see http://www.uniprot.org/terms. Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs License.
Cross-references
Sequence databases
EMBL
Y00414; CAA68472.1; ALT_SEQ; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
M17589; AAA61179.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
X05290; CAA28908.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
M24791; AAA61173.1; -; Genomic_DNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
M24787; AAA61173.1; JOINED; Genomic_DNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
M24789; AAA61173.1; JOINED; Genomic_DNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
M24791; AAA61170.1; -; Genomic_DNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
M24787; AAA61170.1; JOINED; Genomic_DNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
M20911; AAA61167.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
PIR A30002; WHHUY4.
RefSeq NP_000351.2; -.
UniGene Hs.435609
3D structure databases
HSSP P04177; 1TOH. [HSSP ENTRY / PDB]
SMR P07101; 192-526, 193-527.
ModBase P07101.
PTM databases
PhosphoSite P07101; -.
Organism-specific databases
H-InvDB HIX0035928; -.
HGNC HGNC:11782; TH.
GenAtlas TH.
HPA CAB002522; -.
MIM 191290; gene. [NCBI / EBI]
605407; phenotype. [NCBI / EBI]
Orphanet 255; Dystonia, dopa-responsive.
101150; Dystonia, dopa-responsive, autosomal recessive.
PharmGKB PA27004; -.
GeneCards P07101.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress P07101; -.
CleanEx HS_TH; -.
GermOnline ENSG00000180176; Homo sapiens.
Ontologies
GO
GO:0009898; Cellular component: internal side of plasma membrane (inferred from direct assay from UniProtKB).
GO:0033162; Cellular component: melanosome membrane (inferred from direct assay from UniProtKB).
GO:0043005; Cellular component: neuron projection (inferred from direct assay from UniProtKB).
GO:0005634; Cellular component: nucleus (inferred from sequence or structural similarity from UniProtKB).
GO:0043204; Cellular component: perikaryon (inferred from sequence or structural similarity from UniProtKB).
GO:0005790; Cellular component: smooth endoplasmic reticulum (inferred from direct assay from UniProtKB).
GO:0005515; Molecular function: protein binding (inferred from physical interaction from UniProtKB).
GO:0004511; Molecular function: tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity (inferred from direct assay from UniProtKB).
GO:0006585; Biological process: dopamine biosynthetic process from tyrosine (non-traceable author statement from UniProtKB).
GO:0048596; Biological process: embryonic camera-type eye morphogenesis (inferred from sequence or structural similarity from UniProtKB).
GO:0042418; Biological process: epinephrine biosynthetic process (inferred from direct assay from UniProtKB).
GO:0042462; Biological process: eye photoreceptor cell development (inferred from sequence or structural similarity from UniProtKB).
GO:0003007; Biological process: heart morphogenesis (non-traceable author statement from UniProtKB).
GO:0007612; Biological process: learning (inferred from sequence or structural similarity from UniProtKB).
GO:0007626; Biological process: locomotory behavior (inferred from sequence or structural similarity from UniProtKB).
GO:0007613; Biological process: memory (inferred from sequence or structural similarity from UniProtKB).
GO:0042421; Biological process: norepinephrine biosynthetic process (inferred from direct assay from UniProtKB).
GO:0043473; Biological process: pigmentation (traceable author statement from UniProtKB).
GO:0008016; Biological process: regulation of heart contraction (inferred from sequence or structural similarity from UniProtKB).
GO:0045471; Biological process: response to ethanol (inferred from direct assay from UniProtKB).
GO:0001666; Biological process: response to hypoxia (inferred from direct assay from UniProtKB).
GO:0001963; Biological process: synaptic transmission, dopaminergic (inferred from sequence or structural similarity from UniProtKB).
GO:0007601; Biological process: visual perception (inferred from sequence or structural similarity from UniProtKB).
QuickGo view.
Family and domain databases
InterPro IPR001273; Aaa_hydroxylase.
IPR005962; Tyr_3_mOase.
Graphical view of domain structure.
Gene3D G3DSA:1.10.800.10; Aaa_hydroxylase; 1.
PANTHER PTHR11473; Aaa_hydroxylase; 1.
Pfam PF00351; Biopterin_H; 1.
Pfam graphical view of domain structure.
PRINTS PR00372; FYWHYDRXLASE.
ProDom PD002559; Aaa_hydroxylase; 1.
[Domain structure / List of seq. sharing at least 1 domain]
TIGRFAMs TIGR01269; Tyr_3_monoox; 1.
PROSITE PS00367; BIOPTERIN_HYDROXYL; 1.
BLOCKS P07101.
ProtoNet P07101.
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl ENSG00000180176; Homo sapiens. [Contig view]
GeneID 7054; -.
KEGG hsa:7054; -.
Phylogenomic databases
HOGENOM P07101; -.
HOVERGEN P07101; -.
Other
DrugBank DB00120; L-Phenylalanine.
DB00135; L-Tyrosine.
DB00765; Metyrosine.
DB00360; Tetrahydrobiopterin.
NextBio 27583; -.
SOURCE TH; Homo sapiens.
UniRef View cluster of proteins with at least 50% / 90% / 100% identity.
Keywords
Alternative splicing; Catecholamine biosynthesis; Disease mutation; Iron; Metal-binding; Monooxygenase; Neurotransmitter biosynthesis; Oxidoreductase; Parkinsonism; Phosphoprotein; Polymorphism.
Features
SEVIEWER logo Feature table viewer
KeyFrom   To Length Description FTId
INIT_MET   1     1        Removed (By similarity). 
CHAIN   2   528  527     Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase. PRO_0000205561
COMPBIAS   85    90  6     Poly-Ala. 
METAL   361   361        Iron (By similarity). 
METAL   366   366        Iron (By similarity). 
METAL   406   406        Iron (By similarity). 
MOD_RES   19    19        Phosphoserine (By similarity). 
MOD_RES   62    62        Phosphoserine (By similarity). 
MOD_RES   71    71        Phosphoserine; by PKA (By similarity). 
VAR_SEQ   1    33        Missing (in isoform 4). VSP_000541
VAR_SEQ   31    61        Missing (in isoform 1). VSP_000543
VAR_SEQ   34    34        Q -> M (in isoform 4). VSP_000542
VAR_SEQ   35    61        Missing (in isoform 2). VSP_000544
VARIANT   112   112  1     V -> M (common polymorphism; dbSNP:rs6356 [NCBI]). VAR_014025 
VARIANT   233   233  1     R -> H (in Segawa syndrome). VAR_014026 [3D]
VARIANT   236   236  1     L -> P (in Segawa syndrome; severe parkinsonian symptoms in early infancy; strongly reduced stability and catalytic activity; rare mutation). VAR_014027 [3D]
VARIANT   276   276  1     T -> P (in Segawa syndrome; parkinsonian symptoms in infancy; dbSNP:rs28934581 [NCBI]). VAR_014028 [3D]
VARIANT   314   314  1     T -> M (in Segawa syndrome; parkinsonian symptoms in infancy). VAR_014029 [3D]
VARIANT   337   337  1     R -> H (in Segawa syndrome; parkinsonian symptoms in infancy; dbSNP:rs28934580 [NCBI]). VAR_014030 [3D]
VARIANT   412   412  1     Q -> K (in Segawa syndrome; reduced affinity for L-tyrosine). VAR_014031 [3D]
VARIANT   494   494  1     T -> M (in Segawa syndrome; parkinsonian symptoms in infancy; dbSNP:rs45471299 [NCBI]). VAR_014032 [3D]
VARIANT   499   499  1     V -> M (in dbSNP:rs1800033 [NCBI]). VAR_014033 [3D]
Sequence information
Length: 528 AA [This is the length of the unprocessed precursor] Molecular weight: 58524 Da [This is the MW of the unprocessed precursor] CRC64: B3DC349955A21074 [This is a checksum on the sequence]
        10         20         30         40         50         60 
MPTPDATTPQ AKGFRRAVSE LDAKQAEAIM VRGQGAPGPS LTGSPWPGTA APAASYTPTP 

        70         80         90        100        110        120 
RSPRFIGRRQ SLIEDARKER EAAVAAAAAA VPSEPGDPLE AVAFEEKEGK AVLNLLFSPR 

       130        140        150        160        170        180 
ATKPSALSRA VKVFETFEAK IHHLETRPAQ RPRAGGPHLE YFVRLEVRRG DLAALLSGVR 

       190        200        210        220        230        240 
QVSEDVRSPA GPKVPWFPRK VSELDKCHHL VTKFDPDLDL DHPGFSDQVY RQRRKLIAEI 

       250        260        270        280        290        300 
AFQYRHGDPI PRVEYTAEEI ATWKEVYTTL KGLYATHACG EHLEAFALLE RFSGYREDNI 

       310        320        330        340        350        360 
PQLEDVSRFL KERTGFQLRP VAGLLSARDF LASLAFRVFQ CTQYIRHASS PMHSPEPDCC 

       370        380        390        400        410        420 
HELLGHVPML ADRTFAQFSQ DIGLASLGAS DEEIEKLSTL SWFTVEFGLC KQNGEVKAYG 

       430        440        450        460        470        480 
AGLLSSYGEL LHCLSEEPEI RAFDPEAAAV QPYQDQTYQS VYFVSESFSD AKDKLRSYAS 

       490        500        510        520 
RIQRPFSVKF DPYTLAIDVL DSPQAVRRSL EGVQDELDTL AHALSAIG 

P07101 in FASTA format

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