[1]
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NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
TISSUE=Brain, and Liver;
DOI=10.1093/nar/13.12.4365; PubMed=2989793 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Sakimura K.,
Kushiya E.,
Obinata M.,
Takahashi Y.;
"Molecular cloning and the nucleotide sequence of cDNA to mRNA for non-neuronal enolase (alpha alpha enolase) of rat brain and liver.";
Nucleic Acids Res. 13:4365-4378(1985).
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[2]
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SEQUENCE REVISION.
Takahashi Y.;
Submitted (JAN-1986) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
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[3]
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NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
TISSUE=Heart, Pituitary, and Testis;
DOI=10.1101/gr.2596504; PubMed=15489334 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
The MGC Project Team;
"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).";
Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004).
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[4]
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PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 10-28; 33-50; 72-103; 106-120; 163-179; 184-193; 203-228; 234-262; 270-281; 307-326; 336-394 AND 407-420, AND MASS SPECTROMETRY.
STRAIN=Sprague-Dawley;
TISSUE=Brain, Hippocampus, and Spinal cord;
Lubec G.,
Afjehi-Sadat L.,
Chen W.-Q.,
Kang S.U.;
Submitted (JUL-2007) to UniProtKB.
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[5]
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PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 46-57; 97-109; 245-262 AND 369-382, AND INTERACTION WITH PLG.
TISSUE=Embryonic brain;
PubMed=7964722 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Nakajima K.,
Hamanoue M.,
Takemoto N.,
Hattori T.,
Kato K.,
Kohsaka S.;
"Plasminogen binds specifically to alpha-enolase on rat neuronal plasma membrane.";
J. Neurochem. 63:2048-2057(1994).
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[6]
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NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 93-153.
TISSUE=Lymphoma;
Bole-Feysot C.,
Kelly P.A.;
"Rat cDNA encoding alpha enolase (2-phospho-D-glycerate hydro-lyase) (non-neural enolase) (NNE).";
Submitted (FEB-2000) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
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[7]
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DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE.
PubMed=8594891 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Keller A.,
Rouzeau J.-D.,
Farhadian F.,
Wisnewsky C.,
Marotte F.,
Lamande N.,
Samuel J.L.,
Schwartz K.,
Lazar M.,
Lucas M.;
"Differential expression of alpha- and beta-enolase genes during rat heart development and hypertrophy.";
Am. J. Physiol. 269:H1843-H1851(1995).
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[8]
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EFFECT OF THYROID HORMONES ON EXPRESSION.
PubMed=10662718 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Merkulova T.,
Keller A.,
Oliviero P.,
Marotte F.,
Samuel J.L.,
Rappaport L.,
Lamande N.,
Lucas M.;
"Thyroid hormones differentially modulate enolase isozymes during rat skeletal and cardiac muscle development.";
Am. J. Physiol. 278:E330-E339(2000).
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[9]
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SUBCELLULAR LOCATION OF ALPHA/GAMMA HETERODIMER.
DOI=10.1016/j.neures.2003.12.006; PubMed=15041191 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Ueta H.,
Nagasawa H.,
Oyabu-Manabe Y.,
Toida K.,
Ishimura K.,
Hori H.;
"Localization of enolase in synaptic plasma membrane as an alphagamma heterodimer in rat brain.";
Neurosci. Res. 48:379-386(2004).
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- FUNCTION: Multifunctional enzyme that, as well as its role in glycolysis, plays a part in various processes such as growth control, hypoxia tolerance and allergic responses. May also function in the intravascular and pericellular fibrinolytic system due to its ability to serve as a receptor and activator of plasminogen on the cell surface of several cell-types such as leukocytes and neurons.
- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: 2-phospho-D-glycerate = phosphoenolpyruvate + H2O.
- COFACTOR: Magnesium. Required for catalysis and for stabilizing the dimer.
- PATHWAY: Carbohydrate degradation; glycolysis; pyruvate from D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate: step 4/5.
- SUBUNIT: Mammalian enolase is composed of 3 isozyme subunits, alpha, beta and gamma, which can form homodimers or heterodimers which are cell-type and development-specific. ENO1 interacts with PLG in the neuronal plasma membrane and promotes its activation. The C-terminal lysine is required for this binding (By similarity).
- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. Cell membrane. Note=Can translocate to the plasma membrane in either the homodimeric (alpha/alpha) or heterodimeric (alpha/gamma) form.
- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: The alpha/alpha homodimer is expressed in embryo and in most adult tissues. The alpha/beta heterodimer and the beta/beta homodimer are found in striated muscle, and the alpha/gamma heterodimer and the gamma/gamma homodimer in neurons.
- DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: During ontogenesis, there is a transition from the alpha/alpha homodimer to the alpha/beta heterodimer in striated muscle cells, and to the alpha/gamma heterodimer in nerve cells. In brain, levels of ENO1 decrease around 10 dpc and then gradually increase to adult age. In embryonic heart, ENO1 levels decrease rapidly during cardiac development.
- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the enolase family.
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