ExPASy logo ExPASy Home page Site Map Search ExPASy Contact us Swiss-Prot
Notice: This page will be replaced with www.uniprot.org. Please send us your feedback!
Search for

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entry P02489


[Entry info] [Name and origin] [References] [Comments] [Cross-references] [Keywords] [Features] [Sequence] [Tools]

Note: most headings are clickable, even if they don't appear as links. They link to the user manual or other documents.
Entry information
Entry name CRYAA_HUMAN
Primary accession number P02489
Secondary accession numbers None
Integrated into Swiss-Prot on July 21, 1986
Sequence was last modified on October 1, 1996 (Sequence version 2)
Annotations were last modified on    June 16, 2009 (Entry version 107)
Name and origin of the protein
Protein name Alpha-crystallin A chain
Synonyms Heat shock protein beta-4
HspB4
Contains Alpha-crystallin A chain, short form
Gene name
Name: CRYAA
Synonyms: CRYA1, HSPB4
From
Homo sapiens (Human) [TaxID: 9606] 
Taxonomy Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
Protein existence 1: Evidence at protein level;
References
[1]
PRELIMINARY PROTEIN SEQUENCE.
DOI=10.1016/0014-5793(75)80286-9; PubMed=817940 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
de Jong W.W., Terwindt E.C., Bloemendal H.;
"The amino acid sequence of the A chain of human alpha-crystallin.";
FEBS Lett. 58:310-313(1975).
[2]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
TISSUE=Lens;
DOI=10.1007/BF00173170; PubMed=8587135 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Jaworski C.J.;
"A reassessment of mammalian alpha A-crystallin sequences using DNA sequencing: implications for anthropoid affinities of tarsier.";
J. Mol. Evol. 41:901-908(1995).
[3]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
TISSUE=Lens;
DOI=10.1074/jbc.271.50.31973; PubMed=8943244 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Andley U.P., Mathur S., Griest T.A., Petrash J.M.;
"Cloning, expression, and chaperone-like activity of human alphaA-crystallin.";
J. Biol. Chem. 271:31973-31980(1996).
[4]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
DOI=10.1038/35012518; PubMed=10830953 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Hattori M., Fujiyama A., Taylor T.D., Watanabe H., Yada T., Park H.-S., Toyoda A., Ishii K., Totoki Y., Choi D.-K., Groner Y., Soeda E., Ohki M., Takagi T., Sakaki Y., Taudien S., Blechschmidt K., Polley A., Menzel U., Delabar J., Kumpf K., Lehmann R., Patterson D., Reichwald K., Rump A., Schillhabel M., Schudy A., Zimmermann W., Rosenthal A., Kudoh J., Shibuya K., Kawasaki K., Asakawa S., Shintani A., Sasaki T., Nagamine K., Mitsuyama S., Antonarakis S.E., Minoshima S., Shimizu N., Nordsiek G., Hornischer K., Brandt P., Scharfe M., Schoen O., Desario A., Reichelt J., Kauer G., Bloecker H., Ramser J., Beck A., Klages S., Hennig S., Riesselmann L., Dagand E., Wehrmeyer S., Borzym K., Gardiner K., Nizetic D., Francis F., Lehrach H., Reinhardt R., Yaspo M.-L.;
"The DNA sequence of human chromosome 21.";
Nature 405:311-319(2000).
[5]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
DOI=10.1101/gr.2596504; PubMed=15489334 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
The MGC Project Team;
"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).";
Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004).
[6]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 1-104.
DOI=10.1038/337752a0; PubMed=2918909 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Jaworski C.J., Piatigorsky J.;
"A pseudo-exon in the functional human alpha A-crystallin gene.";
Nature 337:752-754(1989).
[7]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 1-63 AND 166-173.
TISSUE=Spleen;
DOI=10.1016/S0014-4835(86)80098-7; PubMed=3758227 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
McDevitt D.S., Hawkins J.W., Jaworski C.J., Piatigorsky J.;
"Isolation and partial characterization of the human alpha A-crystallin gene.";
Exp. Eye Res. 43:285-291(1986).
[8]
PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 13-21 AND 79-88.
DOI=10.1074/jbc.272.4.2268; PubMed=8999933 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Lampi K.J., Ma Z., Shih M., Shearer T.R., Smith J.B., Smith D.L., David L.L.;
"Sequence analysis of betaA3, betaB3, and betaA4 crystallins completes the identification of the major proteins in young human lens.";
J. Biol. Chem. 272:2268-2275(1997).
[9]
STRUCTURE OF CARBOHYDRATE.
PubMed=1730617 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Roquemore E.P., Dell A., Morris H.R., Panico M., Reason A.J., Savoy L.-A., Wistow G.J., Zigler J.S. Jr., Earles B.J., Hart G.W.;
"Vertebrate lens alpha-crystallins are modified by O-linked N-acetylglucosamine.";
J. Biol. Chem. 267:555-563(1992).
[10]
PHOSPHORYLATION AT SER-122, DISULFIDE BOND, PROTEOLYTIC PROCESSING OF C-TERMINAL, DEAMIDATION AT ASN-101, AND MASS SPECTROMETRY.
PubMed=8175657 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Miesbauer L.R., Zhou X., Yang Z., Yang Z., Sun Y., Smith D.L., Smith J.B.;
"Post-translational modifications of water-soluble human lens crystallins from young adults.";
J. Biol. Chem. 269:12494-12502(1994).
[11]
PHOSPHORYLATION AT SER-122.
DOI=10.1006/exer.1996.0060; PubMed=8759518 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Takemoto L.J.;
"Differential phosphorylation of alpha-A crystallin in human lens of different age.";
Exp. Eye Res. 62:499-504(1996).
[12]
DEAMIDATION AT ASN-101.
DOI=10.1076/ceyr.17.3.247.5218; PubMed=9543632 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Takemoto L.J.;
"Quantitation of asparagine-101 deamidation from alpha-A crystallin during aging of the human lens.";
Curr. Eye Res. 17:247-250(1998).
[13]
PROTEOLYTIC PROCESSING OF C-TERMINAL, ACETYLATION AT LYS-70, PHOSPHORYLATION, DEAMIDATION AT ASN-101, AND MASS SPECTROMETRY.
PubMed=9655350 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Lin P.P., Barry R.C., Smith D.L., Smith J.B.;
"In vivo acetylation identified at lysine 70 of human lens alphaA-crystallin.";
Protein Sci. 7:1451-1457(1998).
[14]
PHOSPHORYLATION, SUSCEPTIBILITY TO OXIDATION, PROTEOLYTIC PROCESSING OF C-TERMINAL, AND MASS SPECTROMETRY.
DOI=10.1006/exer.2000.0868; PubMed=10930324 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Hanson S.R.A., Hasan A., Smith D.L., Smith J.B.;
"The major in vivo modifications of the human water-insoluble lens crystallins are disulfide bonds, deamidation, methionine oxidation and backbone cleavage.";
Exp. Eye Res. 71:195-207(2000).
[15]
PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT THR-13; SER-45; SER-122 AND THR-140, ACETYLATION AT LYS-70; LYS-78; LYS-88 AND LYS-145, METHYLATION AT ARG-21 AND LYS-88, SUSCEPTIBILITY TO OXIDATION, AND MASS SPECTROMETRY.
DOI=10.1073/pnas.122231399; PubMed=12060738 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
MacCoss M.J., McDonald W.H., Saraf A., Sadygov R., Clark J.M., Tasto J.J., Gould K.L., Wolters D., Washburn M., Weiss A., Clark J.I., Yates J.R. III;
"Shotgun identification of protein modifications from protein complexes and lens tissue.";
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99:7900-7905(2002).
[16]
VARIANT ZONULAR CENTRAL NUCLEAR CATARACT CYS-116.
DOI=10.1093/hmg/7.3.471; PubMed=9467006 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Litt M., Kramer P., la Morticella D.M., Murphey W., Lovrien E.W., Weleber R.G.;
"Autosomal dominant congenital cataract associated with a missense mutation in the human alpha crystallin gene CRYAA.";
Hum. Mol. Genet. 7:471-474(1998).
[17]
CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANT ZONULAR CENTRAL NUCLEAR CATARACT CYS-116.
DOI=10.1021/bi001453j; PubMed=11123904 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Cobb B.A., Petrash J.M.;
"Structural and functional changes in the alpha A-crystallin R116C mutant in hereditary cataracts.";
Biochemistry 39:15791-15798(2000).
[18]
VARIANT NUCLEAR CATARACT CYS-49.
DOI=10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201046; PubMed=14512969 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Mackay D.S., Andley U.P., Shiels A.;
"Cell death triggered by a novel mutation in the alphaA-crystallin gene underlies autosomal dominant cataract linked to chromosome 21q.";
Eur. J. Hum. Genet. 11:784-793(2003).
[19]
VARIANT CONGENITAL CATARACT LEU-21.
DOI=10.1007/s00417-005-0234-x; PubMed=16453125 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Graw J., Klopp N., Illig T., Preising M.N., Lorenz B.;
"Congenital cataract and macular hypoplasia in humans associated with a de novo mutation in CRYAA and compound heterozygous mutations in P.";
Graefes Arch. Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol. 244:912-919(2006).
[20]
VARIANT [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] HIS-105.
DOI=10.1126/science.1133427; PubMed=16959974 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Sjoeblom T., Jones S., Wood L.D., Parsons D.W., Lin J., Barber T.D., Mandelker D., Leary R.J., Ptak J., Silliman N., Szabo S., Buckhaults P., Farrell C., Meeh P., Markowitz S.D., Willis J., Dawson D., Willson J.K.V., Gazdar A.F., Hartigan J., Wu L., Liu C., Parmigiani G., Park B.H., Bachman K.E., Papadopoulos N., Vogelstein B., Kinzler K.W., Velculescu V.E.;
"The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers.";
Science 314:268-274(2006).
[21]
VARIANT CONGENITAL CATARACT HIS-116, AND CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANT CONGENITAL CATARACT HIS-116.
DOI=10.1002/humu.20724; PubMed=18407550 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Gu F., Luo W., Li X., Wang Z., Lu S., Zhang M., Zhao B., Zhu S., Feng S., Yan Y.-B., Huang S., Ma X.;
"A novel mutation in AlphaA-crystallin (CRYAA) caused autosomal dominant congenital cataract in a large Chinese family.";
Hum. Mutat. 29:769-769(2008).
Comments
  • FUNCTION: May contribute to the transparency and refractive index of the lens.
  • PTM: O-glycosylated; contains N-acetylglucosamine side chains.
  • PTM: Deamidation of Asn-101 in lens occurs mostly during the first 30 years of age, followed by a small additional amount of deamidation (approximately 5%) during the next approximately 38 years, resulting in a maximum of approximately 50% deamidation during the lifetime of the individual.
  • PTM: Phosphorylation on Ser-122 seems to be developmentally regulated. Absent in the first months of life, it appears during the first 12 years of human lifetime. The relative amount of phosphorylated form versus unphosphorylated form does not change over the lifetime of the individual.
  • MASS SPECTROMETRY: Mass=19950; Method=Electrospray; Range=1-173; Source=PubMed:8175657;.
  • MASS SPECTROMETRY: Mass=19863; Method=Electrospray; Range=1-172; Source=PubMed:8175657;.
  • MASS SPECTROMETRY: Mass=20029; Method=Electrospray; Range=1-173; Note=With 1 phosphate group; Source=PubMed:8175657;.
  • MASS SPECTROMETRY: Mass=19951; Method=Electrospray; Range=1-173; Source=PubMed:9655350;.
  • MASS SPECTROMETRY: Mass=19864; Method=Electrospray; Range=1-172; Source=PubMed:9655350;.
  • MASS SPECTROMETRY: Mass=19947; Method=Electrospray; Range=1-173; Source=PubMed:10930324;.
  • MASS SPECTROMETRY: Mass=19851; Method=Electrospray; Range=1-172; Source=PubMed:10930324;.
  • DISEASE: Defects in CRYAA are the cause of zonular central nuclear cataract [MIM:123580, 604219]; one of a considerable number of phenotypically and genotypically distinct forms of autosomal dominant cataract. This congenital cataract is a common major abnormality of the eye that frequently cause blindness in infants.
  • DISEASE: Crystallins do not turn over as the lens ages, providing ample opportunity for post-translational modifications or oxidations. These modifications may change crystallin solubility properties and favor senile cataract.
  • SIMILARITY: Belongs to the small heat shock protein (HSP20) family.
Copyright
Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see http://www.uniprot.org/terms. Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs License.
Cross-references
Sequence databases
EMBL
U05569; AAA97523.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
U66584; AAC50900.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
X14789; CAA32891.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
BC069528; AAH69528.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
M35628; AAA52106.1; -; Genomic_DNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
M35629; AAA52105.1; -; Genomic_DNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
AP001748; BAA95535.1; -; Genomic_DNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
IPI IPI00021062; -.
PIR S03344; CYHUAA.
RefSeq NP_000385.1; -.
UniGene Hs.184085
3D structure databases
DisProt DP00444; -.
ModBase P02489.
PTM databases
GlycoSuiteDB P02489; -.
PhosphoSite P02489; -.
2D gel databases
SWISS-2DPAGE P02489; -.
Organism-specific databases
GeneCards GC21P043462; -.
H-InvDB HIX0040917; -.
HGNC HGNC:2388; CRYAA.
GenAtlas CRYAA.
MIM 123580; gene+phenotype. [NCBI / EBI]
604219; phenotype. [NCBI / EBI]
Orphanet 98991; Cataract, nuclear.
98995; Cataract, zonular.
91492; Non-syndromic congenital cataract.
PharmGKB PA26906; -.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress P02489; -.
Bgee P02489; -.
CleanEx HS_CRYAA; -.
GermOnline ENSG00000160202; Homo sapiens.
Ontologies
GO
GO:0005737; Cellular component: cytoplasm (inferred from direct assay from HGNC).
GO:0005212; Molecular function: structural constituent of eye lens (inferred from electronic annotation from UniProtKB-KW).
GO:0051082; Molecular function: unfolded protein binding (inferred from mutant phenotype from UniProtKB).
GO:0006916; Biological process: anti-apoptosis (inferred from direct assay from HGNC).
GO:0032387; Biological process: negative regulation of intracellular transport (inferred from direct assay from HGNC).
GO:0051260; Biological process: protein homooligomerization (inferred from direct assay from UniProtKB).
GO:0009408; Biological process: response to heat (inferred from electronic annotation from InterPro).
GO:0007601; Biological process: visual perception (inferred from mutant phenotype from UniProtKB).
QuickGo view.
Family and domain databases
InterPro IPR001436; Alpha-crystallin/HSP.
IPR012274; Alpha-crystallin_A.
IPR003090; Alpha-crystallin_N.
IPR002068; Hsp20.
Graphical view of domain structure.
PANTHER PTHR11527:SF36; A-crystallin_A; 1.
Pfam PF00525; Crystallin; 1.
PF00011; HSP20; 1.
Pfam graphical view of domain structure.
PRINTS PR00299; ACRYSTALLIN.
ProDom PD001193; Crystallin_N; 1.
[Domain structure / List of seq. sharing at least 1 domain]
PROSITE PS01031; HSP20; 1.
PROSITE graphical view of domain structure (profiles).
Proteomic databases
PeptideAtlas P02489; -.
PRIDE P02489; -.
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl ENSG00000160202; Homo sapiens. [Contig view]
GeneID 1409; -.
KEGG hsa:1409; -.
Phylogenomic databases
HOGENOM P02489; -.
HOVERGEN P02489; -.
OMA P02489; GPKVQSG.
Other
NextBio 5761; -.
SOURCE CRYAA; Homo sapiens.
ProtoNet P02489.
UniRef View cluster of proteins with at least 50% / 90% / 100% identity.
Keywords
Acetylation; Cataract; Direct protein sequencing; Disease mutation; Disulfide bond; Eye lens protein; Glycoprotein; Methylation; Oxidation; Phosphoprotein; Polymorphism; Sensory transduction; Vision.
Features
SEVIEWER logo Feature table viewer FT aligner logo Feature aligner
KeyFrom   To Length Description FTId
CHAIN   1   173  173     Alpha-crystallin A chain. PRO_0000125865
CHAIN   1   172  172     Alpha-crystallin A chain, short form. PRO_0000226639
PROPEP   173   173  1     Removed in short form. PRO_0000226640
SITE   18    18  1     Susceptible to oxidation. 
SITE   34    34  1     Susceptible to oxidation. 
SITE   138   138  1     Susceptible to oxidation. 
MOD_RES   1     1        N-acetylmethionine. 
MOD_RES   13    13        Phosphothreonine. 
MOD_RES   21    21        Omega-N-methylated arginine. 
MOD_RES   45    45        Phosphoserine. 
MOD_RES   70    70        N6-acetyllysine. 
MOD_RES   78    78        N6-acetyllysine. 
MOD_RES   88    88        N6-acetyllysine; alternate. 
MOD_RES   88    88        N6-methylated lysine; alternate. 
MOD_RES   101   101        Deamidated asparagine; partial. 
MOD_RES   122   122        Phosphoserine. 
MOD_RES   140   140        Phosphothreonine. 
MOD_RES   145   145        N6-acetyllysine. 
CARBOHYD   162   162        O-linked (GlcNAc) (By similarity). 
DISULFID   131   142         
VARIANT   21    21  1     R -> L (in congenital cataract; associated with macular hypoplasia and a generally hypopigmented fundus). VAR_046892 
VARIANT   49    49  1     R -> C (in nuclear cataract; autosomal dominant). VAR_038375 
VARIANT   105   105  1     D -> H (in a breast cancer sample; somatic mutation). VAR_036564 
VARIANT   116   116  1     R -> C (in zonular central nuclear cataract; reduced chaperone-like activity and increased membrane-binding capacity). VAR_003819 
VARIANT   116   116  1     R -> H (in congenital cataract; autosomal dominant; reverse phase-high-performance liquid chromatography suggests an increase hydrophobicity of the mutant protein; loss of chaperone activity of the mutant is seen in DL-dithiothreitol-induced insulin aggregation assay; fast protein liquid chromatography purification shows that the mutant protein has increased binding affinity to lysozyme). VAR_046893 
CONFLICT   45    45        S -> T (in Ref. 7; AAA52105). 
CONFLICT   153   155        THA -> HT (in Ref. 2). 
Sequence information
Length: 173 AA [This is the length of the unprocessed precursor] Molecular weight: 19909 Da [This is the MW of the unprocessed precursor] CRC64: 81804A8439837D50 [This is a checksum on the sequence]
        10         20         30         40         50         60 
MDVTIQHPWF KRTLGPFYPS RLFDQFFGEG LFEYDLLPFL SSTISPYYRQ SLFRTVLDSG 

        70         80         90        100        110        120 
ISEVRSDRDK FVIFLDVKHF SPEDLTVKVQ DDFVEIHGKH NERQDDHGYI SREFHRRYRL 

       130        140        150        160        170 
PSNVDQSALS CSLSADGMLT FCGPKIQTGL DATHAERAIP VSREEKPTSA PSS 

P02489 in FASTA format

View entry in raw text format (no links)
Report form for errors/updates in this UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entry

BLAST logo BLAST submission on ExPASy/SIB
or at NCBI (USA)
Tools Sequence analysis tools: ProtParam, ProtScale, Compute pI/Mw, PeptideMass, PeptideCutter, Dotlet (Java)
PROSITE logo ScanProsite, MotifScan SWISS-MODEL Submit a homology modeling request to SWISS-MODEL
NPSA logo NPSA Sequence analysis tools

ExPASy logo ExPASy Home page Site Map Search ExPASy Contact us Swiss-Prot
 Hosted by ch flag SIB Switzerland Mirror sites: Australia  Brazil  Canada  China  Korea
Notice: This page will be replaced with www.uniprot.org. Please send us your feedback!