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UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entry O14656


[Entry info] [Name and origin] [References] [Comments] [Cross-references] [Keywords] [Features] [Sequence] [Tools]

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Entry information
Entry name TOR1A_HUMAN
Primary accession number O14656
Secondary accession numbers B2RB58 Q53Y64 Q96CA0
Integrated into Swiss-Prot on April 27, 2001
Sequence was last modified on January 1, 1998 (Sequence version 1)
Annotations were last modified on    June 16, 2009 (Entry version 86)
Name and origin of the protein
Protein name Torsin-1A [Precursor]
Synonyms Torsin family 1 member A
Dystonia 1 protein
Gene name
Name: TOR1A
Synonyms: DQ2, DYT1
From
Homo sapiens (Human) [TaxID: 9606] 
Taxonomy Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
Protein existence 1: Evidence at protein level;
References
[1]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), VARIANT DYT1 GLU-303 DEL, AND VARIANT HIS-264.
TISSUE=Brain cortex, Hippocampus, and Substantia nigra;
DOI=10.1038/ng0997-40; PubMed=9288096 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Ozelius L.J., Hewett J.W., Page C.E., Bressman S.B., Kramer P.L., Shalish C., de Leon D., Brin M.F., Raymond D., Corey D.P., Fahn S., Risch N.J., Buckler A.J., Gusella J.F., Breakefield X.O.;
"The early-onset torsion dystonia gene (DYT1) encodes an ATP-binding protein.";
Nat. Genet. 17:40-48(1997).
[2]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1).
DOI=10.1038/ng1285; PubMed=14702039 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S., Yamamoto J., Saito K., Kawai Y., Isono Y., Nakamura Y., Nagahari K., Murakami K., Yasuda T., Iwayanagi T., Wagatsuma M., Shiratori A., Sudo H., Hosoiri T., Kaku Y., Kodaira H., Kondo H., Sugawara M., Takahashi M., Kanda K., Yokoi T., Furuya T., Kikkawa E., Omura Y., Abe K., Kamihara K., Katsuta N., Sato K., Tanikawa M., Yamazaki M., Ninomiya K., Ishibashi T., Yamashita H., Murakawa K., Fujimori K., Tanai H., Kimata M., Watanabe M., Hiraoka S., Chiba Y., Ishida S., Ono Y., Takiguchi S., Watanabe S., Yosida M., Hotuta T., Kusano J., Kanehori K., Takahashi-Fujii A., Hara H., Tanase T.-O., Nomura Y., Togiya S., Komai F., Hara R., Takeuchi K., Arita M., Imose N., Musashino K., Yuuki H., Oshima A., Sasaki N., Aotsuka S., Yoshikawa Y., Matsunawa H., Ichihara T., Shiohata N., Sano S., Moriya S., Momiyama H., Satoh N., Takami S., Terashima Y., Suzuki O., Nakagawa S., Senoh A., Mizoguchi H., Goto Y., Shimizu F., Wakebe H., Hishigaki H., Watanabe T., Sugiyama A., Takemoto M., Kawakami B., Yamazaki M., Watanabe K., Kumagai A., Itakura S., Fukuzumi Y., Fujimori Y., Komiyama M., Tashiro H., Tanigami A., Fujiwara T., Ono T., Yamada K., Fujii Y., Ozaki K., Hirao M., Ohmori Y., Kawabata A., Hikiji T., Kobatake N., Inagaki H., Ikema Y., Okamoto S., Okitani R., Kawakami T., Noguchi S., Itoh T., Shigeta K., Senba T., Matsumura K., Nakajima Y., Mizuno T., Morinaga M., Sasaki M., Togashi T., Oyama M., Hata H., Watanabe M., Komatsu T., Mizushima-Sugano J., Satoh T., Shirai Y., Takahashi Y., Nakagawa K., Okumura K., Nagase T., Nomura N., Kikuchi H., Masuho Y., Yamashita R., Nakai K., Yada T., Nakamura Y., Ohara O., Isogai T., Sugano S.;
"Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.";
Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004).
[3]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1).
Kalnine N., Chen X., Rolfs A., Halleck A., Hines L., Eisenstein S., Koundinya M., Raphael J., Moreira D., Kelley T., LaBaer J., Lin Y., Phelan M., Farmer A.;
"Cloning of human full-length CDSs in BD Creator(TM) system donor vector.";
Submitted (MAY-2003) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
[4]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
DOI=10.1038/nature02465; PubMed=15164053 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Humphray S.J., Oliver K., Hunt A.R., Plumb R.W., Loveland J.E., Howe K.L., Andrews T.D., Searle S., Hunt S.E., Scott C.E., Jones M.C., Ainscough R., Almeida J.P., Ambrose K.D., Ashwell R.I.S., Babbage A.K., Babbage S., Bagguley C.L., Bailey J., Banerjee R., Barker D.J., Barlow K.F., Bates K., Beasley H., Beasley O., Bird C.P., Bray-Allen S., Brown A.J., Brown J.Y., Burford D., Burrill W., Burton J., Carder C., Carter N.P., Chapman J.C., Chen Y., Clarke G., Clark S.Y., Clee C.M., Clegg S., Collier R.E., Corby N., Crosier M., Cummings A.T., Davies J., Dhami P., Dunn M., Dutta I., Dyer L.W., Earthrowl M.E., Faulkner L., Fleming C.J., Frankish A., Frankland J.A., French L., Fricker D.G., Garner P., Garnett J., Ghori J., Gilbert J.G.R., Glison C., Grafham D.V., Gribble S., Griffiths C., Griffiths-Jones S., Grocock R., Guy J., Hall R.E., Hammond S., Harley J.L., Harrison E.S.I., Hart E.A., Heath P.D., Henderson C.D., Hopkins B.L., Howard P.J., Howden P.J., Huckle E., Johnson C., Johnson D., Joy A.A., Kay M., Keenan S., Kershaw J.K., Kimberley A.M., King A., Knights A., Laird G.K., Langford C., Lawlor S., Leongamornlert D.A., Leversha M., Lloyd C., Lloyd D.M., Lovell J., Martin S., Mashreghi-Mohammadi M., Matthews L., McLaren S., McLay K.E., McMurray A., Milne S., Nickerson T., Nisbett J., Nordsiek G., Pearce A.V., Peck A.I., Porter K.M., Pandian R., Pelan S., Phillimore B., Povey S., Ramsey Y., Rand V., Scharfe M., Sehra H.K., Shownkeen R., Sims S.K., Skuce C.D., Smith M., Steward C.A., Swarbreck D., Sycamore N., Tester J., Thorpe A., Tracey A., Tromans A., Thomas D.W., Wall M., Wallis J.M., West A.P., Whitehead S.L., Willey D.L., Williams S.A., Wilming L., Wray P.W., Young L., Ashurst J.L., Coulson A., Blocker H., Durbin R.M., Sulston J.E., Hubbard T., Jackson M.J., Bentley D.R., Beck S., Rogers J., Dunham I.;
"DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 9.";
Nature 429:369-374(2004).
[5]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORMS 1 AND 2).
TISSUE=Kidney, and Skin;
DOI=10.1101/gr.2596504; PubMed=15489334 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
The MGC Project Team;
"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).";
Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004).
[6]
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION.
DOI=10.1074/jbc.M910025199; PubMed=10871631 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Kustedjo K., Bracey M.H., Cravatt B.F.;
"Torsin A and its torsion dystonia-associated mutant forms are lumenal glycoproteins that exhibit distinct subcellular localizations.";
J. Biol. Chem. 275:27933-27939(2000).
[7]
TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
DOI=10.1016/S0006-8993(99)02232-5; PubMed=10640617 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Shashidharan P., Kramer B.C., Walker R.H., Olanow C.W., Brin M.F.;
"Immunohistochemical localization and distribution of torsinA in normal human and rat brain.";
Brain Res. 853:197-206(2000).
[8]
INTERACTION WITH TOR1AIP1 AND TOR1AIP2.
DOI=10.1083/jcb.200411026; PubMed=15767459 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Goodchild R.E., Dauer W.T.;
"The AAA+ protein torsinA interacts with a conserved domain present in LAP1 and a novel ER protein.";
J. Cell Biol. 168:855-862(2005).
[9]
IDENTIFICATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS], AND MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Colinge J., Superti-Furga G., Bennett K.L.;
Submitted (OCT-2008) to UniProtKB.
Comments
  • FUNCTION: May serve as a molecular chaperone assisting in the proper folding of secreted and/or membrane proteins.
  • SUBUNIT: Interacts with TOR1AIP1 and TOR1AIP2.
  • INTERACTION:
    Q9P003:CNIH4; NbExp=1; IntAct=EBI-524257, EBI-1044341;
    Q9UBM7:DHCR7; NbExp=1; IntAct=EBI-524257, EBI-1054468;
    Q14204:DYNC1H1; NbExp=1; IntAct=EBI-524257, EBI-356015;
    Q96NW7:LRRC7; NbExp=1; IntAct=EBI-524257, EBI-524275;
    Q8NFQ8:TOR1AIP2; NbExp=1; IntAct=EBI-524257, EBI-524567;
  • SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum lumen. Nucleus membrane. Note=Mainly located in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum. Also found associated with the nuclear envelope. The Glu-303 del variant is lumenally-oriented in discrete large spheroid intracellular structures rather than in the endoplasmic reticulum.
  • ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS: 2 named isoforms [FASTA] produced by alternative splicing.
    Name1
    Isoform IDO14656-1
    This is the isoform sequence displayed in this entry.
    Name2
    Isoform IDO14656-2
    Note: No experimental confirmation available.
    Features which should be applied to build the isoform sequence: VSP_026605.
  • TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Widely expressed. Highest levels in kidney and liver. Not detected in spleen. In the brain, high levels found in the dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta, as well as in the neocortex, hippocampus and cerebellum. Also high expression in the spinal cord.
  • DISEASE: Defects in TOR1A are the cause of dystonia type 1 (DYT1) [MIM:128100]. DYT1 is a primary torsion dystonia, and the most common and severe form. Dystonia is defined by the presence of sustained involuntary muscle contractions, often leading to abnormal postures. DYT1 is characterized by involuntary, repetitive, sustained muscle contractions or postures involving one or more sites of the body, in the absence of other neurological symptoms. Typically, symptoms develop first in an arm or leg in middle to late childhood and progress in approximately 30% of patients to other body regions (generalized dystonia) within about five years. "Torsion" refers to the twisting nature of body movements observed in DYT1, often affecting the trunk. Distribution and severity of symptoms vary widely between affected individuals, ranging from mild focal dystonia to severe generalized dystonia, even within families.
  • SIMILARITY: Belongs to the clpA/clpB family. Torsin subfamily.
  • WEB RESOURCE: Name=GeneReviews; URL="http://www.genetests.org/query?gene=TOR1A";.
Copyright
Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see http://www.uniprot.org/terms. Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs License.
Cross-references
Sequence databases
EMBL
AF007871; AAC51732.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
AK314505; BAG37105.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
BT006931; AAP35577.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
AL158207; CAC88168.1; -; Genomic_DNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
BC000674; AAH00674.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
BC014484; AAH14484.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
IPI IPI00386422; -.
IPI00413293; -.
RefSeq NP_000104.1; -.
UniGene Hs.534312
3D structure databases
ModBase O14656.
Protein-protein interaction databases
IntAct O14656; 5.
Enzyme and pathway databases
Pathway_Interaction_DB alphasynuclein_pathway; Alpha-synuclein signaling.
Organism-specific databases
GeneCards GC09M131615; -.
H-InvDB HIX0008457; -.
HGNC HGNC:3098; TOR1A.
GenAtlas TOR1A.
HPA CAB012473; -.
MIM 128100; phenotype. [NCBI / EBI]
605204; gene. [NCBI / EBI]
Orphanet 256; Early onset torsion dystonia.
36899; Myoclonic dystonia.
PharmGKB PA27556; -.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress O14656; -.
Bgee O14656; -.
CleanEx HS_TOR1A; -.
GermOnline ENSG00000136827; Homo sapiens.
Ontologies
GO
GO:0005783; Cellular component: endoplasmic reticulum (traceable author statement from ProtInc).
GO:0005788; Cellular component: endoplasmic reticulum lumen (inferred from electronic annotation from UniProtKB-SubCell).
GO:0031965; Cellular component: nuclear membrane (inferred from electronic annotation from UniProtKB-SubCell).
GO:0005524; Molecular function: ATP binding (traceable author statement from ProtInc).
GO:0004252; Molecular function: serine-type endopeptidase activity (traceable author statement from ProtInc).
GO:0051082; Molecular function: unfolded protein binding (traceable author statement from ProtInc).
GO:0051085; Biological process: chaperone mediated protein folding requiring cofactor (inferred from electronic annotation from InterPro).
GO:0006986; Biological process: response to unfolded protein (traceable author statement from ProtInc).
QuickGo view.
Family and domain databases
InterPro IPR010448; Torsin.
IPR017378; Torsin_sub.
Graphical view of domain structure.
PANTHER PTHR10760; Torsin; 1.
Pfam PF06309; Torsin; 1.
Pfam graphical view of domain structure.
PIRSF PIRSF038079; Torsin_2A; 1.
Proteomic databases
PRIDE O14656; -.
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl ENSG00000136827; Homo sapiens. [Contig view]
GeneID 1861; -.
KEGG hsa:1861; -.
Phylogenomic databases
HOGENOM O14656; -.
HOVERGEN O14656; -.
OMA O14656; MCIRVEM.
Other
NextBio 7627; -.
SOURCE TOR1A; Homo sapiens.
ProtoNet O14656.
UniRef View cluster of proteins with at least 50% / 90% / 100% identity.
Keywords
Alternative splicing; ATP-binding; Chaperone; Disease mutation; Dystonia; Endoplasmic reticulum; Glycoprotein; Membrane; Nucleotide-binding; Nucleus; Polymorphism; Signal.
Features
SEVIEWER logo Feature table viewer
KeyFrom   To Length Description FTId
SIGNAL   1    20  20     Potential. 
CHAIN   21   332  312     Torsin-1A. PRO_0000005506
NP_BIND   102   109  8     ATP (Potential). 
CARBOHYD   143   143        N-linked (GlcNAc...) (high mannose). 
CARBOHYD   158   158        N-linked (GlcNAc...) (high mannose). 
VAR_SEQ   149   332        DQLQLWIRGNVSACARSIFIFDEMDKMHAGLIDAIKPFLD YYDLVDGVSYQKAMFIFLSNAGAERITDVALDFWRSGKQR EDIKLKDIEHALSVSVFNNKNSGFWHSSLIDRNLIDYFVP FLPLEYKHLKMCIRVEMQSRGYEIDEDIVSRVAEEMTFFP KEERVFSDKGCKTVFTKLDYYYDD -> ARMEVWNPFLDVIGFGVSLLWDEIWEFYVEMSEPGKRFMS QFPLERCRS (in isoform 2). VSP_026605
VARIANT   216   216  1     D -> H (in dbSNP:rs1801968 [NCBI]). VAR_020449 
VARIANT   264   264  1     D -> H. VAR_010788 
VARIANT   303   303  1     Missing (in DYT1). VAR_010789
CONFLICT   259   259        D -> H (in Ref. 3; AAP35577 and 5; AAH00674). 
Sequence information
Length: 332 AA [This is the length of the unprocessed precursor] Molecular weight: 37809 Da [This is the MW of the unprocessed precursor] CRC64: B69B28D0B4112080 [This is a checksum on the sequence]
        10         20         30         40         50         60 
MKLGRAVLGL LLLAPSVVQA VEPISLGLAL AGVLTGYIYP RLYCLFAECC GQKRSLSREA 

        70         80         90        100        110        120 
LQKDLDDNLF GQHLAKKIIL NAVFGFINNP KPKKPLTLSL HGWTGTGKNF VSKIIAENIY 

       130        140        150        160        170        180 
EGGLNSDYVH LFVATLHFPH ASNITLYKDQ LQLWIRGNVS ACARSIFIFD EMDKMHAGLI 

       190        200        210        220        230        240 
DAIKPFLDYY DLVDGVSYQK AMFIFLSNAG AERITDVALD FWRSGKQRED IKLKDIEHAL 

       250        260        270        280        290        300 
SVSVFNNKNS GFWHSSLIDR NLIDYFVPFL PLEYKHLKMC IRVEMQSRGY EIDEDIVSRV 

       310        320        330 
AEEMTFFPKE ERVFSDKGCK TVFTKLDYYY DD 

O14656 in FASTA format

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