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UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entry O15503


[Entry info] [Name and origin] [References] [Comments] [Cross-references] [Keywords] [Features] [Sequence] [Tools]

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Entry information
Entry name INSI1_HUMAN
Primary accession number O15503
Secondary accession numbers Q53XW8 Q9BUV5
Integrated into Swiss-Prot on May 30, 2000
Sequence was last modified on October 3, 2006 (Sequence version 3)
Annotations were last modified on    March 3, 2009 (Entry version 76)
Name and origin of the protein
Protein name Insulin-induced gene 1 protein
Synonym INSIG-1
Gene name
Name: INSIG1
From
Homo sapiens (Human) [TaxID: 9606] 
Taxonomy Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
Protein existence 1: Evidence at protein level;
References
[1]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], AND VARIANT THR-27.
DOI=10.1006/geno.1997.4821; PubMed=9268630 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Peng Y., Schwarz E.J., Lazar M.A., Genin A., Spinner N.B., Taub R.;
"Cloning, human chromosomal assignment, and adipose and hepatic expression of the CL-6/INSIG1 gene.";
Genomics 43:278-284(1997).
[2]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 40-61 AND 64-83, MASS SPECTROMETRY, FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, AND INTERACTION WITH SCAP AND SREBP2 COMPLEX.
DOI=10.1016/S0092-8674(02)00872-3; PubMed=12202038 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Yang T., Espenshade P.J., Wright M.E., Yabe D., Gong Y., Aebersold R., Goldstein J.L., Brown M.S.;
"Crucial step in cholesterol homeostasis: sterols promote binding of SCAP to INSIG-1, a membrane protein that facilitates retention of SREBPs in ER.";
Cell 110:489-500(2002).
[3]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
Kalnine N., Chen X., Rolfs A., Halleck A., Hines L., Eisenstein S., Koundinya M., Raphael J., Moreira D., Kelley T., LaBaer J., Lin Y., Phelan M., Farmer A.;
"Cloning of human full-length CDSs in BD Creator(TM) system donor vector.";
Submitted (MAY-2003) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
[4]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
DOI=10.1126/science.1083423; PubMed=12690205 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Scherer S.W., Cheung J., MacDonald J.R., Osborne L.R., Nakabayashi K., Herbrick J.-A., Carson A.R., Parker-Katiraee L., Skaug J., Khaja R., Zhang J., Hudek A.K., Li M., Haddad M., Duggan G.E., Fernandez B.A., Kanematsu E., Gentles S., Christopoulos C.C., Choufani S., Kwasnicka D., Zheng X.H., Lai Z., Nusskern D.R., Zhang Q., Gu Z., Lu F., Zeesman S., Nowaczyk M.J., Teshima I., Chitayat D., Shuman C., Weksberg R., Zackai E.H., Grebe T.A., Cox S.R., Kirkpatrick S.J., Rahman N., Friedman J.M., Heng H.H.Q., Pelicci P.G., Lo-Coco F., Belloni E., Shaffer L.G., Pober B., Morton C.C., Gusella J.F., Bruns G.A.P., Korf B.R., Quade B.J., Ligon A.H., Ferguson H., Higgins A.W., Leach N.T., Herrick S.R., Lemyre E., Farra C.G., Kim H.-G., Summers A.M., Gripp K.W., Roberts W., Szatmari P., Winsor E.J.T., Grzeschik K.-H., Teebi A., Minassian B.A., Kere J., Armengol L., Pujana M.A., Estivill X., Wilson M.D., Koop B.F., Tosi S., Moore G.E., Boright A.P., Zlotorynski E., Kerem B., Kroisel P.M., Petek E., Oscier D.G., Mould S.J., Doehner H., Doehner K., Rommens J.M., Vincent J.B., Venter J.C., Li P.W., Mural R.J., Adams M.D., Tsui L.-C.;
"Human chromosome 7: DNA sequence and biology.";
Science 300:767-772(2003).
[5]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
TISSUE=Skin;
DOI=10.1101/gr.2596504; PubMed=15489334 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
The MGC Project Team;
"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).";
Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004).
[6]
FUNCTION.
DOI=10.1016/S1097-2765(02)00822-5; PubMed=12535518 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Sever N., Yang T., Brown M.S., Goldstein J.L., DeBose-Boyd R.A.;
"Accelerated degradation of HMG CoA reductase mediated by binding of insig-1 to its sterol-sensing domain.";
Mol. Cell 11:25-33(2003).
[7]
TOPOLOGY.
DOI=10.1074/jbc.M312623200; PubMed=14660594 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Feramisco J.D., Goldstein J.L., Brown M.S.;
"Membrane topology of human insig-1, a protein regulator of lipid synthesis.";
J. Biol. Chem. 279:8487-8496(2004).
[8]
FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH SCAP AND SREBP2 COMPLEX, UBIQUITINATION AT LYS-156 AND LYS-158, AND MUTAGENESIS OF LYS-156 AND LYS-158.
DOI=10.1016/j.cmet.2005.11.014; PubMed=16399501 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Gong Y., Lee J.N., Lee P.C., Goldstein J.L., Brown M.S., Ye J.;
"Sterol-regulated ubiquitination and degradation of Insig-1 creates a convergent mechanism for feedback control of cholesterol synthesis and uptake.";
Cell Metab. 3:15-24(2006).
[9]
FUNCTION, AND MUTAGENESIS OF ASP-205.
DOI=10.1073/pnas.0601923103; PubMed=16606821 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Gong Y., Lee J.N., Brown M.S., Goldstein J.L., Ye J.;
"Juxtamembranous aspartic acid in Insig-1 and Insig-2 is required for cholesterol homeostasis.";
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 103:6154-6159(2006).
Comments
  • FUNCTION: Mediates feedback control of cholesterol synthesis by controlling SCAP and HMGCR. Functions by blocking the processing of sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs). Capable of retaining the SCAP-SREBF2 complex in the ER thus preventing it from escorting SREBPs to the Golgi. Seems to regulate the ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation of HMGCR. May play a role in growth and differentiation of tissues involved in metabolic control. May play a regulatory role during G0/G1 transition of cell growth.
  • SUBUNIT: Binds to the SCAP-SREBF2 complex only in the presence of sterols.
  • SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.
  • TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in all tissues tested with highest expression in the liver.
  • INDUCTION: By insulin.
  • PTM: Ubiquitinated. Subsequent to sterol deprivation, the SCAP-SREBF2 complex becomes dissociated from INSIG1, is then ubiquitinated and degraded in proteasomes. Although ubiquitination is required for rapid INSIG1 degradation, it is not required for release of the SCAP-SREBP complex.
  • MISCELLANEOUS: Expressed at high levels when nuclear SREBP levels are high as a result of sterol deprivation.
  • SIMILARITY: Belongs to the INSIG family.
  • WEB RESOURCE: Name=Wikipedia; Note=Insig1 entry; URL="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insig1";.
Copyright
Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see http://www.uniprot.org/terms. Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs License.
Cross-references
Sequence databases
EMBL
U96876; AAB69121.1; -; Genomic_DNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
AY112745; AAM44086.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
BT007227; AAP35891.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
CH236962; EAL23729.1; -; Genomic_DNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
BC001880; AAH01880.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
IPI IPI00290111; -.
RefSeq NP_005533.2; -.
NP_938150.1; -.
NP_938151.1; -.
UniGene Hs.520819
3D structure databases
ModBase O15503.
PTM databases
PhosphoSite O15503; -.
Organism-specific databases
GeneCards GC07P154720; -.
HGNC HGNC:6083; INSIG1.
GenAtlas INSIG1.
MIM 602055; gene. [NCBI / EBI]
PharmGKB PA29890; -.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress O15503; -.
Bgee O15503; -.
CleanEx HS_INSIG1; -.
GermOnline ENSG00000186480; Homo sapiens.
Ontologies
GO
GO:0005789; Cellular component: endoplasmic reticulum membrane (inferred from electronic annotation from UniProtKB-SubCell).
GO:0016021; Cellular component: integral to membrane (inferred from electronic annotation from UniProtKB-KW).
GO:0005515; Molecular function: protein binding (inferred from physical interaction from UniProtKB).
GO:0008283; Biological process: cell proliferation (traceable author statement from ProtInc).
GO:0008203; Biological process: cholesterol metabolic process (inferred from electronic annotation from UniProtKB-KW).
QuickGo view.
Family and domain databases
InterPro IPR009904; INSIG.
Graphical view of domain structure.
PANTHER PTHR15301; INSIG; 1.
Pfam PF07281; INSIG; 1.
Pfam graphical view of domain structure.
Proteomic databases
PRIDE O15503; -.
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl ENSG00000186480; Homo sapiens. [Contig view]
GeneID 3638; -.
KEGG hsa:3638; -.
NMPDR fig|9606.3.peg.29764; -.
Phylogenomic databases
HOVERGEN O15503; -.
Other
NextBio 14239; -.
SOURCE INSIG1; Homo sapiens.
ProtoNet O15503.
UniRef View cluster of proteins with at least 50% / 90% / 100% identity.
Keywords
Cholesterol metabolism; Direct protein sequencing; Endoplasmic reticulum; Isopeptide bond; Lipid metabolism; Membrane; Polymorphism; Steroid metabolism; Transmembrane; Ubl conjugation.
Features
SEVIEWER logo Feature table viewer FT aligner logo Feature aligner
KeyFrom   To Length Description FTId
CHAIN   1   277  277     Insulin-induced gene 1 protein. PRO_0000191675
TOPO_DOM   1    87  87     Cytoplasmic. 
TRANSMEM   88   108  21     Potential. 
TOPO_DOM   109   126  18     Lumenal (Potential). 
TRANSMEM   127   147  21     Potential. 
TOPO_DOM   148   160  13     Cytoplasmic. 
TRANSMEM   161   177  17     Potential. 
TOPO_DOM   178   182  5     Lumenal (Potential). 
TRANSMEM   183   203  21     Potential. 
TOPO_DOM   204   209  6     Cytoplasmic. 
TRANSMEM   210   230  21     Potential. 
TOPO_DOM   231   241  11     Lumenal (Potential). 
TRANSMEM   242   262  21     Potential. 
TOPO_DOM   263   277  15     Cytoplasmic. 
CROSSLNK   156   156        Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) (interchain with G-Cter in ubiquitin). 
CROSSLNK   158   158        Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) (interchain with G-Cter in ubiquitin). 
VARIANT   27    27  1     A -> T (in dbSNP:rs1129825 [NCBI]). VAR_027683 
MUTAGEN   156   156        K->R: Loss of ubiquitination and degradation. 
MUTAGEN   158   158        K->R: Loss of ubiquitination and degradation. 
MUTAGEN   205   205        D->A: Loss of ability to suppress the cleavage of SREBP2 and to accelerate the degradation of HMGCR. 
CONFLICT   31    32        AA -> PP (in Ref. 1; AAB69121). 
CONFLICT   99    99        A -> T (in Ref. 1; AAB69121). 
CONFLICT   170   172        VFV -> GFG (in Ref. 1; AAB69121). 
Sequence information
Length: 277 AA [This is the length of the unprocessed precursor] Molecular weight: 29987 Da [This is the MW of the unprocessed precursor] CRC64: 198068D53C658A58 [This is a checksum on the sequence]
        10         20         30         40         50         60 
MPRLHDHFWS CSCAHSARRR GPPRASAAGL AAKVGEMINV SVSGPSLLAA HGAPDADPAP 

        70         80         90        100        110        120 
RGRSAAMSGP EPGSPYPNTW HHRLLQRSLV LFSVGVVLAL VLNLLQIQRN VTLFPEEVIA 

       130        140        150        160        170        180 
TIFSSAWWVP PCCGTAAAVV GLLYPCIDSH LGEPHKFKRE WASVMRCIAV FVGINHASAK 

       190        200        210        220        230        240 
LDFANNVQLS LTLAALSLGL WWTFDRSRSG LGLGITIAFL ATLITQFLVY NGVYQYTSPD 

       250        260        270 
FLYIRSWLPC IFFSGGVTVG NIGRQLAMGV PEKPHSD 

O15503 in FASTA format

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