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UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entry P02768


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Entry information
Entry name ALBU_HUMAN
Primary accession number P02768
Secondary accession numbers O95574 P04277 Q13140 Q645G4 Q68DN5 Q6UXK4 Q86YG0 Q9P157 Q9P1I7 Q9UHS3 Q9UJZ0
Integrated into Swiss-Prot on July 21, 1986
Sequence was last modified on April 1, 1990 (Sequence version 2)
Annotations were last modified on    April 29, 2008 (Entry version 132)
Name and origin of the protein
Protein name Serum albumin [Precursor]
Synonyms None
Gene name
Name: ALB
ORFNames: GIG20, GIG42, PRO0903, PRO1708, PRO2044, PRO2619, PRO2675, UNQ696/PRO1341
From
Homo sapiens (Human) [TaxID: 9606] 
Taxonomy Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
Protein existence 1: Evidence at protein level;
References
[1]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), AND VARIANT LYS-420.
DOI=10.1093/nar/9.22.6103; PubMed=6171778 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Lawn R.M., Adelman J., Bock S.C., Franke A.E., Houck C.M., Najarian R.C., Seeburg P.H., Wion K.L.;
"The sequence of human serum albumin cDNA and its expression in E. coli.";
Nucleic Acids Res. 9:6103-6114(1981).
[2]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), AND VARIANT GLY-121.
PubMed=6275391 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Dugaiczyk A., Law S.W., Dennison O.E.;
"Nucleotide sequence and the encoded amino acids of human serum albumin mRNA.";
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 79:71-75(1982).
[3]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
PubMed=3009475 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Minghetti P.P., Ruffner D.E., Kuang W.J., Dennison O.E., Hawkins J.W., Beattie W.G., Dugaiczyk A.;
"Molecular structure of the human albumin gene is revealed by nucleotide sequence within q11-22 of chromosome 4.";
J. Biol. Chem. 261:6747-6757(1986).
[4]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1).
TISSUE=Liver;
Yang S., Zhang R.A., Qi Z.W., Yuan Z.Y.;
"Human serum albumin.";
Submitted (SEP-1999) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
[5]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), AND VARIANT HIROSHIMA-1 LYS-378.
Huang M.C., Wu H.T.;
"The cDNA sequences of human serum albumin.";
Submitted (AUG-2002) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
[6]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1).
Hinchliffe E.;
"Induction of galactose regulated gene expression in yeast.";
Patent number EP0248637, 09-DEC-1987.
[7]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1).
TISSUE=Liver;
Yu Z., Fu Y.;
"High expression HSA in Pichia for Pharmaceutical Use.";
Submitted (AUG-2004) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
[8]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1).
Wang F., Huang L.;
"Cloning and sequence analysis of human albumin gene.";
Submitted (SEP-2006) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
[9]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORMS 1 AND 2).
Kim J.W.;
"Identification of a human cell growth inhibition gene.";
Submitted (FEB-2004) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
[10]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1).
TISSUE=Fetal liver;
DOI=10.1101/gr.175501; PubMed=11483580 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Yu Y., Zhang C., Zhou G., Wu S., Qu X., Wei H., Xing G., Dong C., Zhai Y., Wan J., Ouyang S., Li L., Zhang S., Zhou K., Zhang Y., Wu C., He F.;
"Gene expression profiling in human fetal liver and identification of tissue- and developmental-stage-specific genes through compiled expression profiles and efficient cloning of full-length cDNAs.";
Genome Res. 11:1392-1403(2001).
[11]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), AND VARIANT TYR-27.
TISSUE=Liver;
The German cDNA consortium;
Submitted (AUG-2004) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
[12]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
SeattleSNPs program for genomic applications;
Submitted (JUN-2007) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
[13]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
Mural R.J., Istrail S., Sutton G.G., Florea L., Halpern A.L., Mobarry C.M., Lippert R., Walenz B., Shatkay H., Dew I., Miller J.R., Flanigan M.J., Edwards N.J., Bolanos R., Fasulo D., Halldorsson B.V., Hannenhalli S., Turner R., Yooseph S., Lu F., Nusskern D.R., Shue B.C., Zheng X.H., Zhong F., Delcher A.L., Huson D.H., Kravitz S.A., Mouchard L., Reinert K., Remington K.A., Clark A.G., Waterman M.S., Eichler E.E., Adams M.D., Hunkapiller M.W., Myers E.W., Venter J.C.;
Submitted (JUL-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
[14]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORMS 1 AND 2).
TISSUE=Liver, and Skeletal muscle;
DOI=10.1101/gr.2596504; PubMed=15489334 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
The MGC Project Team;
"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).";
Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004).
[15]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 1-455.
TISSUE=Liver;
Menaya J., Parrilla R., Ayuso M.S.;
Submitted (MAR-1995) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
[16]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] OF 1-167.
DOI=10.1101/gr.1293003; PubMed=12975309 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Clark H.F., Gurney A.L., Abaya E., Baker K., Baldwin D.T., Brush J., Chen J., Chow B., Chui C., Crowley C., Currell B., Deuel B., Dowd P., Eaton D., Foster J.S., Grimaldi C., Gu Q., Hass P.E., Heldens S., Huang A., Kim H.S., Klimowski L., Jin Y., Johnson S., Lee J., Lewis L., Liao D., Mark M.R., Robbie E., Sanchez C., Schoenfeld J., Seshagiri S., Simmons L., Singh J., Smith V., Stinson J., Vagts A., Vandlen R.L., Watanabe C., Wieand D., Woods K., Xie M.-H., Yansura D.G., Yi S., Yu G., Yuan J., Zhang M., Zhang Z., Goddard A.D., Wood W.I., Godowski P.J., Gray A.M.;
"The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment.";
Genome Res. 13:2265-2270(2003).
[17]
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 1-26.
PubMed=2419329 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Urano Y., Watanabe K., Sakai M., Tamaoki T.;
"The human albumin gene. Characterization of the 5' and 3' flanking regions and the polymorphic gene transcripts.";
J. Biol. Chem. 261:3244-3251(1986).
[18]
PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 25-609.
DOI=10.1016/0014-5793(75)80242-0; PubMed=1225573 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Meloun B., Moravek L., Kostka V.;
"Complete amino acid sequence of human serum albumin.";
FEBS Lett. 58:134-137(1975).
[19]
PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 25-609.
Brown J.R., Shockley P., Behrens P.Q.;
(In) Bing D.H. (eds.); The chemistry and physiology of the human plasma proteins, pp.23-40, Pergamon Press, New York (1979).
[20]
PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 25-44 AND 480-499.
TISSUE=Heart;
PubMed=7895732 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Corbett J.M., Wheeler C.H., Baker C.S., Yacoub M.H., Dunn M.J.;
"The human myocardial two-dimensional gel protein database: update 1994.";
Electrophoresis 15:1459-1465(1994).
[21]
PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 25-34.
TISSUE=Platelet;
DOI=10.1038/nbt810; PubMed=12665801 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Gevaert K., Goethals M., Martens L., Van Damme J., Staes A., Thomas G.R., Vandekerckhove J.;
"Exploring proteomes and analyzing protein processing by mass spectrometric identification of sorted N-terminal peptides.";
Nat. Biotechnol. 21:566-569(2003).
[22]
PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 45-65; 118-130; 169-183; 348-372; 397-413 AND 509-543, AND MASS SPECTROMETRY.
TISSUE=Brain, and Cajal-Retzius cell;
Lubec G., Vishwanath V.;
Submitted (MAR-2007) to UniProtKB.
[23]
PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 166-174.
DOI=10.1016/0006-291X(86)90429-8; PubMed=3087352 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Mogard M.H., Kobayashi R., Chen C.F., Lee T.D., Reeve J.R. Jr., Shively J.E., Walsh J.H.;
"The amino acid sequence of kinetensin, a novel peptide isolated from pepsin-treated human plasma: homology with human serum albumin, neurotensin and angiotensin.";
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 136:983-988(1986).
[24]
PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 166-174.
PubMed=2437111 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Carraway R.E., Mitra S.P., Cochrane D.E.;
"Structure of a biologically active neurotensin-related peptide obtained from pepsin-treated albumin(s).";
J. Biol. Chem. 262:5968-5973(1987).
[25]
PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 222-229, AND ASPIRIN-ACETYLATION AT LYS-223.
DOI=10.1016/0014-5793(76)80496-6; PubMed=955075 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Walker J.E.;
"Lysine residue 199 of human serum albumin is modified by acetylsalicylic acid.";
FEBS Lett. 66:173-175(1976).
[26]
PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 250-264, GLYCATION AT LYS-75; LYS-161; LYS-186; LYS-249; LYS-257; LYS-300; LYS-337; LYS-347; LYS-375; LYS-402; LYS-437; LYS-468; LYS-560; LYS-549; LYS-569 AND LYS-597, ABSENCE OF GLYCATION AT LYS-28; LYS-44; LYS-65; LYS-88; LYS-97; LYS-117; LYS-130; LYS-160; LYS-183; LYS-198; LYS-205; LYS-214; LYS-219; LYS-229; LYS-236; LYS-264; LYS-286; LYS-298; LYS-310; LYS-383; LYS-396; LYS-413; LYS-426; LYS-438; LYS-456; LYS-460; LYS-490; LYS-499; LYS-524; LYS-543; LYS-548; LYS-562; LYS-565; LYS-581; LYS-584; LYS-588 AND LYS-598, AND MASS SPECTROMETRY.
DOI=10.1016/j.jasms.2003.11.014; PubMed=15047055 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Lapolla A., Fedele D., Reitano R., Arico N.C., Seraglia R., Traldi P., Marotta E., Tonani R.;
"Enzymatic digestion and mass spectrometry in the study of advanced glycation end products/peptides.";
J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 15:496-509(2004).
[27]
DISULFIDE BONDS.
Saber M.A., Stockbauer P., Moravek L., Meloun B.;
"Disulfide bonds in human serum albumin.";
Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun. 42:564-579(1977).
[28]
BILIRUBIN-BINDING SITE.
PubMed=656055 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Jacobsen C.;
"Lysine residue 240 of human serum albumin is involved in high-affinity binding of bilirubin.";
Biochem. J. 171:453-459(1978).
[29]
GLYCATION AT LYS-223 AND LYS-549.
PubMed=6853480 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Garlick R.L., Mazer J.S.;
"The principal site of nonenzymatic glycosylation of human serum albumin in vivo.";
J. Biol. Chem. 258:6142-6146(1983).
[30]
GLYCATION AT LYS-549.
PubMed=6706980 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Shaklai N., Garlick R.L., Bunn H.F.;
"Nonenzymatic glycosylation of human serum albumin alters its conformation and function.";
J. Biol. Chem. 259:3812-3817(1984).
[31]
GLYCATION AT LYS-36; LYS-223; LYS-257; LYS-305; LYS-341; LYS-375; LYS-463; LYS-549 AND LYS-558.
PubMed=3759977 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Iberg N., Fluckiger R.;
"Nonenzymatic glycosylation of albumin in vivo. Identification of multiple glycosylated sites.";
J. Biol. Chem. 261:13542-13545(1986).
[32]
X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (6.0 ANGSTROMS).
PubMed=2727704 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Carter D.C., He X.-M., Munson S.H., Twigg P.D., Gernert K.M., Broom M.B., Miller T.Y.;
"Three-dimensional structure of human serum albumin.";
Science 244:1195-1198(1989).
[33]
X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (4.0 ANGSTROMS).
PubMed=2374930 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Carter D.C., He X.-M.;
"Structure of human serum albumin.";
Science 249:302-303(1990).
[34]
X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.8 ANGSTROMS).
DOI=10.1038/358209a0; PubMed=1630489 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
He X.-M., Carter D.C.;
"Atomic structure and chemistry of human serum albumin.";
Nature 358:209-215(1992).
[35]
ERRATUM.
He X.-M., Carter D.C.;
Nature 364:362-362(1993).
[36]
X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.5 ANGSTROMS).
DOI=10.1038/1869; PubMed=9731778 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Curry S., Mandelkow H., Brick P., Franks N.;
"Crystal structure of human serum albumin complexed with fatty acid reveals an asymmetric distribution of binding sites.";
Nat. Struct. Biol. 5:827-835(1998).
[37]
X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.5 ANGSTROMS).
DOI=10.1093/protein/12.6.439; PubMed=10388840 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Sugio S., Kashima A., Mochizuki S., Noda M., Kobayashi K.;
"Crystal structure of human serum albumin at 2.5-A resolution.";
Protein Eng. 12:439-446(1999).
[38]
X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.2 ANGSTROMS) OF 25-609.
DOI=10.1074/jbc.M005460200; PubMed=10940303 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Bhattacharya A.A., Curry S., Franks N.P.;
"Binding of the general anesthetics propofol and halothane to human serum albumin. High resolution crystal structures.";
J. Biol. Chem. 275:38731-38738(2000).
[39]
X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.4 ANGSTROMS).
DOI=10.1006/jmbi.2000.5208; PubMed=11743713 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Petitpas I., Grune T., Bhattacharya A.A., Curry S.;
"Crystal structures of human serum albumin complexed with monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids.";
J. Mol. Biol. 314:955-960(2001).
[40]
VARIANT CANTERBURY ASN-337.
DOI=10.1016/0167-4838(87)90088-4; PubMed=3828358 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Brennan S.O., Herbert P.;
"Albumin Canterbury (313 Lys-->Asn). A point mutation in the second domain of serum albumin.";
Biochim. Biophys. Acta 912:191-197(1987).
[41]
VARIANTS NASKAPI/MERSIN GLU-396 AND MEXICO GLY-574.
PubMed=3474609 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Takahashi N., Takahashi Y., Blumberg B.S., Putnam F.W.;
"Amino acid substitutions in genetic variants of human serum albumin and in sequences inferred from molecular cloning.";
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84:4413-4417(1987).
[42]
VARIANTS NAGASAKI-3 GLN-27 YANOMAMA-2 GLU-396; NAGASAKI-2 ASN-399 AND MAKU GLU-565.
PubMed=3479777 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Takshashi N., Takahashi Y., Isobe T., Putnam F.W., Fujita M., Satoh C., Neel J.V.;
"Amino acid substitutions in inherited albumin variants from Amerindian and Japanese populations.";
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84:8001-8005(1987).
[43]
VARIANTS FUKUOKA-2 HIS-23; CHRISTCHURCH/HONOLULU-2 GLN-24; TAGLIACOZZO ASN-337 AND ALBUMIN B/OSAKA-2/PHNOM PHEN LYS-594.
PubMed=2911589 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Arai K., Ishioka N., Huss K., Madison J., Putnam F.W.;
"Identical structural changes in inherited albumin variants from different populations.";
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 86:434-438(1989).
[44]
VARIANTS HONOLULU-2 GLN-24; NAGASAKI-1 GLY-293; HIROSHIMA-1 LYS-378; TOCHIGI LYS-400; HIROSHIMA-2 LYS-406 AND OSAKA-2 LYS-594.
PubMed=2762316 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Arai K., Madison J., Huss K., Ishioka N., Satoh C., Fujita M., Neel J.V., Sakurabayashi I., Putnam F.W.;
"Point substitutions in Japanese alloalbumins.";
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 86:6092-6096(1989).
[45]
VARIANTS HONOLULU-1 PRO-24; HONOLULU-2 GLN-24; NAGOYA LYS-143; NEW GUINEA ASN-337; MANAUS-1/LAMBADI LYS-525; FUKUOKA-1 ASN-587; OSAKA-1 LYS-589 AND OSAKA-2 LYS-594.
PubMed=2404284 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Arai K., Madison J., Shimuzu A., Putnam F.W.;
"Point substitutions in albumin genetic variants from Asia.";
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 87:497-501(1990).
[46]
CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANT REDHILL.
PubMed=2104980 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Brennan S.O., Myles T., Peach R.J., Donaldson D., George P.M.;
"Albumin Redhill (-1 Arg, 320 Ala-->Thr): a glycoprotein variant of human serum albumin whose precursor has an aberrant signal peptidase cleavage site.";
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 87:26-30(1990).
[47]
VARIANTS VARESE HIS-23; TORINO LYS-84 AND VIBO VALENTIA LYS-106.
PubMed=2247440 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Galliano M., Minchiotti L., Porta F., Rossi A., Ferri G., Madison J., Watkins S., Putnam F.W.;
"Mutations in genetic variants of human serum albumin found in Italy.";
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 87:8721-8725(1990).
[48]
CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANT VENEZIA.
PubMed=2068071 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Watkins S., Madison J., Davis E., Sakamoto Y., Galliano M., Minchiotti L., Putnam F.W.;
"A donor splice mutation and a single-base deletion produce two carboxyl-terminal variants of human serum albumin.";
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 88:5959-5963(1991).
[49]
VARIANTS KOMAGOME-3 HIS-23; IOWA CITY-2 VAL-25; KOMAGOME-2 ARG-152; IOWA CITY-1 VAL-389 AND KOMAGOME-1 GLU-396.
PubMed=1946412 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Madison J., Arai K., Feld R.D., Kyle R.A., Watkins S., Davis E., Matsuda Y., Amaki I., Putnam F.W.;
"Genetic variants of serum albumin in Americans and Japanese.";
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 88:9853-9857(1991).
[50]
VARIANT CASEBROOK ASN-518.
DOI=10.1016/0925-4439(91)90023-3; PubMed=1859851 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Peach R.J., Brennan S.O.;
"Structural characterization of a glycoprotein variant of human serum albumin: albumin Casebrook (494 Asp-->Asn).";
Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1097:49-54(1991).
[51]
VARIANTS SONDRIO LYS-357 AND PARIS-2 ASN-587.
DOI=10.1016/0167-4838(92)90207-T; PubMed=1347703 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Minchiotti L., Galliano M., Stoppini M., Ferri G., Crespeau H., Rochu D., Porta F.;
"Two alloalbumins with identical electrophoretic mobility are produced by differently charged amino acid substitutions.";
Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1119:232-238(1992).
[52]
VARIANTS MALMO-I CYS-23; MALMO-95 ASN-87; MALMO-10 ARG-292; MALMO-47 LYS-342; MALMO-5 GLN-400 AND MALMO-61 ALA-574.
PubMed=1518850 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Carlson J., Sakamoto Y., Laurell C.-B., Madison J., Watkins S., Putnam F.W.;
"Alloalbuminemia in Sweden: structural study and phenotypic distribution of nine albumin variants.";
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89:8225-8229(1992).
[53]
VARIANT HERBORN GLU-264.
PubMed=8513793 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Minchiotti L., Galliano M., Zapponi M.C., Tenni R.;
"The structural characterization and bilirubin-binding properties of albumin Herborn, a [Lys240-->Glu] albumin mutant.";
Eur. J. Biochem. 214:437-444(1993).
[54]
VARIANT HAWKES BAY PHE-201.
DOI=10.1016/0925-4439(93)90151-P; PubMed=8347685 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Brennan S.O., Fellowes A.P.;
"Albumin Hawkes Bay; a low level variant caused by loss of a sulphydryl group at position 177.";
Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1182:46-50(1993).
[55]
VARIANT ORTONOVO LYS-529.
DOI=10.1016/0925-4439(93)90117-J; PubMed=7902134 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Galliano M., Minchiotti L., Iadarola P., Stoppini M., Giagnoni P., Watkins S., Madison J., Putnam F.W.;
"Protein and DNA sequence analysis of a 'private' genetic variant: albumin Ortonovo (Glu-505-->Lys).";
Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1225:27-32(1993).
[56]
VARIANTS LARINO TYR-27; TRADATE-2 GLN-249 AND CASERTA ASN-300.
PubMed=8022807 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Madison J., Galliano M., Watkins S., Minchiotti L., Porta F., Rossi A., Putnam F.W.;
"Genetic variants of human serum albumin in Italy: point mutants and a carboxyl-terminal variant.";
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91:6476-6480(1994).
[57]
VARIANT FDH HIS-242.
DOI=10.1006/bbrc.1994.1998; PubMed=8048949 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Sunthornthepvarakul T., Angkeow P., Weiss R.E., Hayashi Y., Retetoff S.;
"An identical missense mutation in the albumin gene results in familial dysalbuminemic hyperthyroxinemia in 8 unrelated families.";
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 202:781-787(1994).
[58]
VARIANT FDH HIS-242, AND PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 25-51.
DOI=10.1210/jc.80.2.461; PubMed=7852505 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Rushbrook J.I., Becker E., Schussler G.C., Divino C.M.;
"Identification of a human serum albumin species associated with familial dysalbuminemic hyperthyroxinemia.";
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 80:461-467(1995).
[59]
VARIANT FDH HIS-242.
DOI=10.1210/jc.82.10.3246; PubMed=9329347 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Wada N., Chiba H., Shimizu C., Kijima H., Kubo M., Koike T.;
"A novel missense mutation in codon 218 of the albumin gene in a distinct phenotype of familial dysalbuminemic hyperthyroxinemia in a Japanese kindred.";
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 82:3246-3250(1997).
[60]
VARIANT FDH PRO-90.
DOI=10.1210/jc.83.5.1448; PubMed=9589637 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Sunthornthepvarakul T., Likitmaskul S., Ngowngarmratana S., Angsusingha K., Kitvitayasak S., Scherberg N.H., Refetoff S.;
"Familial dysalbuminemic hypertriiodothyroninemia: a new, dominantly inherited albumin defect.";
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 83:1448-1454(1998).
[61]
VARIANT TYR-73, AND MASS SPECTROMETRY.
TISSUE=Urine;
DOI=10.1002/1615-9861(200101)1:1<93::AID-PROT93>3.3.CO;2-V; PubMed=11680902 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Spahr C.S., Davis M.T., McGinley M.D., Robinson J.H., Bures E.J., Beierle J., Mort J., Courchesne P.L., Chen K., Wahl R.C., Yu W., Luethy R., Patterson S.D.;
"Towards defining the urinary proteome using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry I. Profiling an unfractionated tryptic digest.";
Proteomics 1:93-107(2001).
[62]
CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANT KENITRA.
PubMed=11168369 [NCBI, ExPASy, EBI, Israel, Japan]
Minchiotti L., Campagnoli M., Rossi A., Cosulich M.E., Monti M., Pucci P., Kragh-Hansen U., Granel B., Disdier P., Weiller P.J., Galliano M.;
"A nucleotide insertion and frameshift cause albumin Kenitra, an extended and O-glycosylated mutant of human serum albumin with two additional disulfide bridges.";
Eur. J. Biochem. 268:344-352(2001).
Comments
  • FUNCTION: Serum albumin, the main protein of plasma, has a good binding capacity for water, Ca(2+), Na(+), K(+), fatty acids, hormones, bilirubin and drugs. Its main function is the regulation of the colloidal osmotic pressure of blood.
  • SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted.
  • ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS: 2 named isoforms [FASTA] produced by alternative splicing.
    Name1
    Isoform IDP02768-1
    This is the isoform sequence displayed in this entry.
    Name2
    Isoform IDP02768-2
    Note: No experimental confirmation available.
    Features which should be applied to build the isoform sequence: VSP_021275.
  • TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Plasma.
  • PTM: Kenitra variant is partially O-glycosylated at Thr-620. It has two new disulfide bonds Cys-600 to Cys-602 and Cys-601 to Cys-606.
  • PTM: Glycated in diabetic patients.
  • POLYMORPHISM: The sequence shown is that of variant albumin A.
  • DISEASE: Defects in ALB are a cause of familial dysalbuminemic hyperthyroxinemia (FDH) [MIM:103600]. FDH is a form of euthyroid hyperthyroxinemia that is due to increased affinity of ALB for T(4). It is the most common cause of inherited euthyroid hyperthyroxinemia in Caucasian population.
  • DISEASE: A variant structure of albumin could lead to increased binding of zinc resulting in an asymptomatic augmentation of zinc concentration in the blood [MIM:194470].
  • MISCELLANEOUS: Acetylated on Lys-223 by acetylsalicylic acid.
  • SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ALB/AFP/VDB family.
  • SIMILARITY: Contains 3 albumin domains.
  • CAUTION: A peptide arising from positions 166 to 174 was originally (PubMed:3087352 and PubMed:2437111) termed neurotensin-related peptide (NRP) or kinetensin and was thought to regulates fat digestion, lipid absorption, and blood flow.
  • WEB RESOURCE: Name=Albumin Website; URL="http://www.albumin.org";.
  • WEB RESOURCE: Name=Wikipedia; Note=Serum albumin entry; URL="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serum_albumin";.
  • WEB RESOURCE: Name=SeattleSNPs; URL="http://pga.gs.washington.edu/data/alb/";.
Copyright
Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see http://www.uniprot.org/terms. Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs License.
Cross-references
Sequence databases
EMBL
V00494; CAA23753.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
V00495; CAA23754.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
M12523; AAA98797.1; -; Genomic_DNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
M12523; AAA98798.1; -; Genomic_DNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
AF190168; AAF01333.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
AF542069; AAN17825.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
A06977; CAA00606.1; -; Unassigned_RNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
AY728024; AAU21642.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
DQ986150; ABJ16448.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
AY544124; AAT11155.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
AY550967; AAT52213.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
AF116645; AAF71067.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
AF118090; AAF22034.1; ALT_INIT; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
AF119840; AAF69594.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
AF119890; AAF69644.1; ALT_INIT; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
AF130077; AAG35503.1; ALT_INIT; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
CR749331; CAH18185.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
EF649953; ABS29264.1; -; Genomic_DNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
CH471057; EAX05676.1; -; Genomic_DNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
BC014308; AAH14308.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
BC034023; AAH34023.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
BC036003; AAH36003.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
BC041789; AAH41789.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
U22961; AAA64922.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
AY358313; AAQ89947.1; -; mRNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
M13075; AAA51688.1; -; Genomic_DNA.[EMBL / GenBank / DDBJ] [CoDingSequence]
PIR A93743; ABHUS.
RefSeq NP_000468.1; -.
UniGene Hs.418167
3D structure databases
PDB
1AO6; X-ray; 2.50 A; A/B=25-609.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
1BJ5; X-ray; 2.50 A; A=25-609.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
1BKE; X-ray; 3.15 A; A=28-608.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
1BM0; X-ray; 2.50 A; A/B=25-609.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
1E78; X-ray; 2.60 A; A/B=25-609.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
1E7A; X-ray; 2.20 A; A/B=25-609.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
1E7B; X-ray; 2.38 A; A/B=25-609.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
1E7C; X-ray; 2.40 A; A=25-609.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
1E7E; X-ray; 2.50 A; A=25-609.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
1E7F; X-ray; 2.43 A; A=25-609.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
1E7G; X-ray; 2.50 A; A=25-609.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
1E7H; X-ray; 2.43 A; A=25-609.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
1E7I; X-ray; 2.70 A; A=25-609.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
1GNI; X-ray; 2.40 A; A=25-609.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
1GNJ; X-ray; 2.60 A; A=25-609.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
1H9Z; X-ray; 2.50 A; A=25-609.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
1HA2; X-ray; 2.50 A; A=25-609.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
1HK1; X-ray; 2.65 A; A=25-609.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
1HK2; X-ray; 2.80 A; A=25-609.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
1HK3; X-ray; 2.80 A; A=25-609.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
1HK4; X-ray; 2.40 A; A=25-609.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
1HK5; X-ray; 2.70 A; A=25-609.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
1N5U; X-ray; 1.90 A; A=25-609.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
1O9X; X-ray; 3.20 A; A=25-609.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
1TF0; X-ray; 2.70 A; A=25-596.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
1UOR; X-ray; 2.80 A; A=25-609.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
1YSX; NMR; -; A=409-609.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
2BX8; X-ray; 2.70 A; A/B=25-609.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
2BXA; X-ray; 2.35 A; A/B=25-609.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
2BXB; X-ray; 3.20 A; A/B=25-609.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
2BXC; X-ray; 3.10 A; A/B=25-609.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
2BXD; X-ray; 3.05 A; A/B=25-609.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
2BXE; X-ray; 2.95 A; A/B=25-609.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
2BXF; X-ray; 2.95 A; A/B=25-609.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
2BXG; X-ray; 2.70 A; A/B=25-609.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
2BXH; X-ray; 2.25 A; A/B=25-609.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
2BXI; X-ray; 2.50 A; A=25-609.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
2BXK; X-ray; 2.40 A; A=25-609.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
2BXL; X-ray; 2.60 A; A=25-609.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
2BXM; X-ray; 2.50 A; A=25-609.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
2BXN; X-ray; 2.65 A; A=25-609.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
2BXO; X-ray; 2.60 A; A=25-609.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
2BXP; X-ray; 2.30 A; A=25-609.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
2BXQ; X-ray; 2.60 A; A=25-609.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
2ESG; X-ray; -; C=25-609.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
2I2Z; X-ray; 2.70 A; A=25-609.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
2I30; X-ray; 2.90 A; A=25-609.[ExPASy / RCSB / EBI]
Detailed list of linked structures.
PDBsum 1AO6; -.
1BJ5; -.
1BKE; -.
1BM0; -.
1E78; -.
1E7A; -.
1E7B; -.
1E7C; -.
1E7E; -.
1E7F; -.
1E7G; -.
1E7H; -.
1E7I; -.
1GNI; -.
1GNJ; -.
1H9Z; -.
1HA2; -.
1HK1; -.
1HK2; -.
1HK3; -.
1HK4; -.
1HK5; -.
1N5U; -.
1O9X; -.
1TF0; -.
1UOR; -.
1YSX; -.
2BX8; -.
2BXA; -.
2BXB; -.
2BXC; -.
2BXD; -.
2BXE; -.
2BXF; -.
2BXG; -.
2BXH; -.
2BXI; -.
2BXK; -.
2BXL; -.
2BXM; -.
2BXN; -.
2BXO; -.
2BXP; -.
2BXQ; -.
2ESG; -.
2I2Z; -.
2I30; -.
ModBase P02768.
Protein-protein interaction databases
IntAct P02768; -.
PTM databases
GlycoSuiteDB P02768; -.
PhosphoSite P02768; -.
Enzyme and pathway databases
Reactome REACT_602; Lipid and lipoprotein metabolism.
REACT_604; Hemostasis.
2D gel databases
SWISS-2DPAGE P02768; -.
Cornea-2DPAGE P02768; -.
DOSAC-COBS-2DPAGE P02768; -.
HSC-2DPAGE P02768; -.
OGP P02768; -.
REPRODUCTION-2DPAGE IPI00384697; -.
IPI00745872; -.
P02768; -.
Siena-2DPAGE P02768; -.
Organism-specific databases
H-InvDB HIX0004278; -.
HGNC HGNC:399; ALB.
GeneLynx ALB; Homo sapiens.
GenAtlas ALB.
HPA CAB006262; -.
MIM 103600; gene+phenotype. [