Species code:	STRP2
Taxonomy:	Bacteria; Firmicutes; Lactobacillales; Streptococcaceae; Streptococcus (TaxID: 373153) [NEWT/ NCBI]
Description:	A Gram-positive nonmotile bacterium, Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common bacterial cause of acute respiratory infection and otitis media, and is estimated to result in over 1 millions deaths in children, the elderly, debilitated and immunosuppressed people every year. Since 1990 the number of penicillin-resistant strains has increased and many strains are now resistant to commonly prescribed antibiotics such as penicillin, macrolides and fluoroquinones. D39 is a serotype 2 strain, a derivative of which was used in experiments by Avery and coworkers to demonstrate that DNA is the genetic material. Although isolated in 1916, D39 remains extremely virulent in murine infection models and is perhaps the strain used most frequently in current studies of pneumococcal pathogenesis. Two different isolates of D39, separated at least 21 years ago, were sequenced and compared to each other and to an avirulent D39 derivative R6.
Properties:	Presence of flagella: No Interaction: Animal commensal in Mammalia; Animal pathogen in Mammalia Number of membranes: 1 Number of inteins:0
Statistics:	Number of STRP2 entries in the UniProt Knowledgebase: 1918 (326 in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot + 1592 in UniProtKB/TrEMBL)

Genome structure:	• Chromosome EMBL accession number CP000410 (circular; 2,046,115 bp) (download entry) (download Genome Reviews). • Plasmid pDP1 EMBL accession number AF047696 (circular; 3,161 bp) (download entry) (download Genome Reviews).
Reference(s):	[1] PubMed=17041037; [ NCBI , EBI , Israel , Japan ] Lanie J.A., Ng W.-L., Kazmierczak K.M., Andrzejewski T.M., Davidsen T.M., Wayne K.J., Tettelin H., Glass J.I., Winkler M.E. ; "Genome sequence of Avery's virulent serotype 2 strain D39 of Streptococcus pneumoniae and comparison with that of unencapsulated laboratory strain R6."; J. Bacteriol. 189:38-51(2007). [2] PubMed=9887308; [ NCBI , EBI , Israel , Japan ] Oggioni M.R., Iannelli F., Pozzi G. ; "Characterization of cryptic plasmids pDP1 and pSMB1 of Streptococcus pneumoniae."; Plasmid 41:70-72(1999).
Web links:	Entrez Genome Project: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=genomeprj&Cmd=DetailsSearch&Term=txid373153%5Borgn%5D GIB (DDBJ): http://gib.genes.nig.ac.jp/single/index.php?spid=Spne_D39 PEDANT: http://pedant.gsf.de:3345/pedant3htmlview/pedant3view?Method=start_method&Db=p3_p16374_Str_pneum  EBI Proteome Analysis page

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