Species code:	CLOD6
Taxonomy:	Bacteria; Firmicutes; Clostridia; Clostridiales; Clostridiaceae; Clostridium (TaxID: 272563) [NEWT/ NCBI]
Description:	Clostridium difficile, a Gram-positive, spore-forming anaerobic bacterium, is the leading cause of infectious diarrhea among patients in hospitals worldwide. An important nosocomial pathogen, it is frequently associated with antibiotic treatment and causes diseases ranging from antibiotic-associated diarrhea to life-threatening pseudomembraneous colitis. Although two important virulence factors of C. difficile have been shown to be exotoxins, toxin A (TcdA) and toxin B (TcdB), little is known about other factors involved in the adherence and colonization processes. Strain 603 (epidemic type X) is a virulent and multidrug-resistant strain, and was isolated from a hospital patient with severe pseudomembraneous colitis, which had spread to several other patients on the same ward. It has several copies of a chimaeric genetic element comprising a group I intron and insertion element (an IStron). Where an IStron is inserted in an expressed gene it is probably precisely excised so that the gene remains functional.
Properties:	Presence of flagella: not known Interaction: Animal pathogen in Mammalia Number of membranes: 1 Number of inteins:0
Statistics:	Number of CLOD6 entries in the UniProt Knowledgebase: 3712 (276 in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot + 3436 in UniProtKB/TrEMBL)

Genome structure:	• Chromosome EMBL accession number AM180355 (circular; 4,290,252 bp) (download entry) (download Genome Reviews). • Plasmid pCD630 EMBL accession number AM180356 (circular; 7,881 bp) (download entry) (download Genome Reviews).
Reference(s):	[1] PubMed=16804543; [ NCBI , EBI , Israel , Japan ] Sebaihia M., Wren B.W., Mullany P., Fairweather N.F., Minton N., Stabler R., Thomson N.R., Roberts A.P., Cerdeno-Tarraga A.M., Wang H., Holden M.T.G., Wright A., Churcher C., Quail M.A., Baker S., Bason N., Brooks K., Chillingworth T., Cronin A., Davis P., Dowd L., Fraser A., Feltwell T., Hance Z., Holroyd S., Jagels K., Moule S., Mungall K., Price C., Rabbinowitsch E., Sharp S., Simmonds M., Stevens K., Unwin L., Whithead S., Dupuy B., Dougan G., Barrell B., Parkhill J. ; "The multidrug-resistant human pathogen Clostridium difficile has a highly mobile, mosaic genome."; Nat. Genet. 38:779-786(2006).
Web links:	Official genome site(s): http://www.sanger.ac.uk/Projects/C_difficile/ Other web sites: Entrez Genome Project: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=genomeprj&Cmd=DetailsSearch&Term=txid272563%5Borgn%5D GIB (DDBJ): http://gib.genes.nig.ac.jp/single/index.php?spid=Cdif_630  EBI Proteome Analysis page

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