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PROSITE documentation PDOC00402
Acyltransferases ChoActase / COT / CPT family signatures


Description

A number of eukaryotic acetyltransferases can be, on the basis of sequence similarities, grouped together into a family. These enzymes are:

  • Choline o-acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.6) (ChoAcTase), an enzyme that catalyzes the biosynthesis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine [1].
  • Carnitine o-acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.7) [2].
  • Peroxisomal carnitine octanoyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.-) (COT), a fatty acid β-oxidation pathway enzyme which is involved in the transport of medium- chain acyl-coenzyme A's from peroxisome to mitochondria [3].
  • Mitochondrial carnitine O-palmitoyltransferases I and II (EC 2.3.1.21) (CPT), enzymes involved in fatty acid metabolism and transport [4].
  • Yeast hypothetical protein YER024w.
  • Mycoplasma pneumoniae putative acetyltransferase C09_orf600.

These enzymes share many regions of sequence similarities. As signature patterns we selected two of these regions. The first one, located in the N-terminal section of these enzymes is characterized by the presence of three [LIVM]-P dipeptides. The second region, located in the central part of these enzymes is characterized by the conservation of a number of charged residues including an histidine which probably plays a crucial role in the catalytic mechanism [5].

Last update:

December 2004 / Patterns and text revised.

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Technical section

PROSITE methods (with tools and information) covered by this documentation:

ACYLTRANSF_C_1, PS00439; Acyltransferases ChoActase / COT / CPT family signature 1  (PATTERN)

ACYLTRANSF_C_2, PS00440; Acyltransferases ChoActase / COT / CPT family signature 2  (PATTERN)


References

1AuthorsBerrard S. Brice A. Lottspeich F. Braun A. Barde Y.-A. Mallet J.
TitlecDNA cloning and complete sequence of porcine choline acetyltransferase: in vitro translation of the corresponding RNA yields an active protein.
SourceProc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84:9280-9284(1987).
PubMed ID3480542

2AuthorsKispal G. Sumegi B. Dietmeier K. Bock I. Gajdos G. Tomcsanyi T. Sandor A.
TitleCloning and sequencing of a cDNA encoding Saccharomyces cerevisiae carnitine acetyltransferase. Use of the cDNA in gene disruption studies.
SourceJ. Biol. Chem. 268:1824-1829(1993).
PubMed ID8420957

3AuthorsChatterjee B. Song C.S. Kim J.-M. Roy A.K.
TitleCloning, sequencing, and regulation of rat liver carnitine octanoyltransferase: transcriptional stimulation of the enzyme during peroxisome proliferation.
SourceBiochemistry 27:9000-9006(1988).
PubMed ID3233218

4AuthorsEsser V. Britton C.H. Weis B.C. Foster D.W. McGarry J.D.
TitleCloning, sequencing, and expression of a cDNA encoding rat liver carnitine palmitoyltransferase I. Direct evidence that a single polypeptide is involved in inhibitor interaction and catalytic function.
SourceJ. Biol. Chem. 268:5817-5822(1993).
PubMed ID8449948

5AuthorsSchmalix W. Bandlow W.
TitleThe ethanol-inducible YAT1 gene from yeast encodes a presumptive mitochondrial outer carnitine acetyltransferase.
SourceJ. Biol. Chem. 268:27428-27439(1993).
PubMed ID8262985



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