PROSITE documentation PDOC00060

The short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases family (SDR) [1] is a very large family of enzymes, most of which are known to be NAD- or NADP-dependent oxidoreductases. As the first member of this family to be characterized was Drosophila alcohol dehydrogenase, this family used to be called [2,3,4] 'insect-type', or 'short-chain' alcohol dehydrogenases. Most member of this family are proteins of about 250 to 300 amino acid residues. The proteins currently known to belong to this family are listed below.

Alcohol dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.1) from insects such as Drosophila.
Acetoin dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.5) from Klebsiella terrigena (gene budC).
D-β-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (BDH) (EC 1.1.1.30) from mammals.
Acetoacetyl-CoA reductase (EC 1.1.1.36) from various bacterial species (gene phbB or phaB).
Glucose 1-dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.47) from Bacillus.
3-β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.51) from Comomonas testosteroni.
20-β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.53) from Streptomyces hydrogenans.
Ribitol 2-dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.56) (RDH) from Klebsiella aerogenes.
Estradiol 17-β-dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.62) from human.
Gluconate 5-dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.69) from Gluconobacter oxydans (gene gno).
3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] reductase (EC 1.1.1.100) from Escherichia coli (gene fabG) and from plants.
Retinol dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.105) from mammals.
2-deoxy-d-gluconate 3-dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.125) from Escherichia coli and Erwinia chrysanthemi (gene kduD).
Sorbitol-6-phosphate 2-dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.140) from Escherichia coli (gene gutD) and from Klebsiella pneumoniae (gene sorD).
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (NAD+) (EC 1.1.1.141) from human.
Corticosteroid 11-β-dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.146) (11-DH) from mammals.
7-α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.159) from Escherichia coli (gene hdhA), Eubacterium strain VPI 12708 (gene baiA) and from Clostridium sordellii.
NADPH-dependent carbonyl reductase (EC 1.1.1.184) from mammals.
Tropinone reductase-I (EC 1.1.1.206) and -II (EC 1.1.1.236) from plants.
N-acylmannosamine 1-dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.233) from Flavobacterium strain 141-8.
D-arabinitol 2-dehydrogenase (ribulose forming) (EC 1.1.1.250) from fungi.
Tetrahydroxynaphthalene reductase (EC 1.1.1.252) from Magnaporthe grisea.
Pteridine reductase 1 (EC 1.5.1.33) (gene PTR1) from Leishmania.
2,5-dichloro-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-diol dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.-.-) from Pseudomonas paucimobilis.
Cis-1,2-dihydroxy-3,4-cyclohexadiene-1-carboxylate dehydrogenase (EC 1.3.1. -) from Acinetobacter calcoaceticus (gene benD) and Pseudomonas putida (gene xylL).
Biphenyl-2,3-dihydro-2,3-diol dehydrogenase (EC 1.3.1.-) (gene bphB) from various Pseudomonaceae.
Cis-toluene dihydrodiol dehydrogenase (EC 1.3.1.-) from Pseudomonas putida (gene todD).
Cis-benzene glycol dehydrogenase (EC 1.3.1.19) from Pseudomonas putida (gene bnzE).
2,3-dihydro-2,3-dihydroxybenzoate dehydrogenase (EC 1.3.1.28) from Escherichia coli (gene entA) and Bacillus subtilis (gene dhbA).
Dihydropteridine reductase (EC 1.5.1.34) (HDHPR) from mammals.
Lignin degradation enzyme ligD from Pseudomonas paucimobilis.
Agropine synthesis reductase from Agrobacterium plasmids (gene mas1).
Versicolorin reductase from Aspergillus parasiticus (gene VER1).
Putative keto-acyl reductases from Streptomyces polyketide biosynthesis operons.
A trifunctional hydratase-dehydrogenase-epimerase from the peroxisomal β-oxidation system of Candida tropicalis. This protein contains two tandemly repeated 'short-chain dehydrogenase-type' domain in its N-terminal extremity.
Nodulation protein nodG from species of Azospirillum and Rhizobium which is probably involved in the modification of the nodulation Nod factor fatty acyl chain.
Nitrogen fixation protein fixR from Bradyrhizobium japonicum.
Bacillus subtilis protein dltE which is involved in the biosynthesis of D- alanyl-lipoteichoic acid.
Human follicular variant translocation protein 1 (FVT1).
Mouse adipocyte protein p27.
Mouse protein Ke 6.
Maize sex determination protein TASSELSEED 2.
Sarcophaga peregrina 25 Kd development specific protein.
Drosophila fat body protein P6.
A Listeria monocytogenes hypothetical protein encoded in the internalins gene region.
Escherichia coli hypothetical protein yciK.
Escherichia coli hypothetical protein ydfG.
Escherichia coli hypothetical protein yjgI.
Escherichia coli hypothetical protein yjgU.
Escherichia coli hypothetical protein yohF.
Bacillus subtilis hypothetical protein yoxD.
Bacillus subtilis hypothetical protein ywfD.
Bacillus subtilis hypothetical protein ywfH.
Yeast hypothetical protein YIL124w.
Yeast hypothetical protein YIR035c.
Yeast hypothetical protein YIR036c.
Yeast hypothetical protein YKL055c.
Fission yeast hypothetical protein SpAC23D3.11.

We use as a signature pattern for this family of proteins one of the best conserved regions which includes two perfectly conserved residues, a tyrosine and a lysine. The tyrosine residue participates in the catalytic mechanism.

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1	Authors	Joernvall H., Persson B., Krook M., Atrian S., Gonzalez-Duarte R., Jeffery J., Ghosh D.
1	Source	Biochemistry 34:6003-6013(1995).

2	Authors	Villarroya A., Juan E., Egestad B., Joernvall H.
	Title	The primary structure of alcohol dehydrogenase from Drosophila lebanonensis. Extensive variation within insect 'short-chain' alcohol dehydrogenase lacking zinc.
	Source	Eur. J. Biochem. 180:191-197(1989).
	PubMed ID	2707261

3	Authors	Persson B., Krook M., Jorenvall H.
	Title	Characteristics of short-chain alcohol dehydrogenases and related enzymes.
	Source	Eur. J. Biochem. 200:537-543(1991).
	PubMed ID	1889416

4	Authors	Neidle E.L., Hartnett C., Ornston L.N., Bairoch A., Rekik M., Harayama S.
	Title	cis-diol dehydrogenases encoded by the TOL pWW0 plasmid xylL gene and the Acinetobacter calcoaceticus chromosomal benD gene are members of the short-chain alcohol dehydrogenase superfamily.
	Source	Eur. J. Biochem. 204:113-120(1992).
	PubMed ID	1740120

Short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases family signature

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