PROSITE logo

PROSITE documentation PDOC00319
Phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase active site


Description

Phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase (EC 2.1.2.2) (GART) [1] catalyzes the third step in de novo purine biosynthesis, the transfer of a formyl group to 5'-phosphoribosylglycinamide. In higher eukaryotes, GART is part of a multifunctional enzyme polypeptide that catalyzes three of the steps of purine biosynthesis. In bacteria, plants and yeast, GART is a monofunctional protein of about 200 amino-acid residues.

In the Escherichia coli enzyme, an aspartic acid residue has been shown to be involved in the catalytic mechanism. The region around this active site residue is well conserved in GART from prokaryotic and eukaryotic sources and can be used as a signature pattern.

Mammalian formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (EC 1.5.1.6) [2] is a cytosolic enzyme responsible for the NADP-dependent decarboxylative reduction of 10-formyltetrahydrofolate into tetrahydrofolate. It is a protein of about 900 amino acids consisting of three domains; the N-terminal domain (200 residues) is structurally related to GARTs.

Escherichia coli methionyl-tRNA formyltransferase (EC 2.1.2.9) (gene fmt) [3] is the enzyme responsible for modifying the free amino group of the aminoacyl moiety of methionyl-tRMA(fMet). The central part of fmt seems to be evolutionary related to GART's active site region.

Last update:

April 2006 / Pattern revised.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Technical section

PROSITE method (with tools and information) covered by this documentation:

GART, PS00373; Phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase active site  (PATTERN)


References

1AuthorsInglese J. Smith J.M. Benkovic S.J.
TitleActive-site mapping and site-specific mutagenesis of glycinamide ribonucleotide transformylase from Escherichia coli.
SourceBiochemistry 29:6678-6687(1990).
PubMed ID2204419

2AuthorsCook R.J. Lloyd R.S. Wagner C.
TitleIsolation and characterization of cDNA clones for rat liver 10-formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase.
SourceJ. Biol. Chem. 266:4965-4973(1991).
PubMed ID1848231

3AuthorsGuillon J.-M. Mechulam Y. Schmitter J.-M. Blanquet S. Fayat G.
TitleDisruption of the gene for Met-tRNA(fMet) formyltransferase severely impairs growth of Escherichia coli.
SourceJ. Bacteriol. 174:4294-4301(1992).
PubMed ID1624424



PROSITE is copyrighted by the SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) License, see prosite_license.html.

Miscellaneous

View entry in original PROSITE document format
View entry in raw text format (no links)